Question | Answer |
1st Amendment | Protects religious thought and practice and a command of separation of church and state. |
1st Amendment | Guarantees freedom of speech or otherwise to express personal views |
1st Amendment | freedom of the press |
1st Amendment | right to assemble peacefully or to join with public meetings, political parties, and other associations |
1st Amendment | the right to petition the government for a remedy of grievences |
2nd Amendment | maintain a well regulated militia |
2nd Amendment | the right to keep bear arms |
3rd Amendment | the right to not have soldiers forcefully quartered in your house |
4th Amendment | house and person have the right against unreasonable search and seizure |
4th Amendment | warrants will be issued unless there is probable cause |
4th Amendment | evidence gained as a result of violation cannot be used against the accused |
5th Amendment | Persons accused of capital offenses cannot be held without presentment of an indictment to the grand jury |
5th Amendment | no person shall be subject to trial for the same offense twice |
5th Amendment | no person shall be forced to be a witness against themselves |
5th Amendment | guarentees due process of law |
5th Amendment | private property cannot be taken for public use without just compensation |
6th Amendment | must receive speedy and public trial |
6th Amendment | trial must take place in the same State and district the crime was committed |
6th Amendment | accused must be informed of charges against him |
6th Amendment | accused must be able to obtain witnesses |
6th Amendment | accused must be able to confront witnesses against him |
6th Amendment | accused must have access to the assistance of counsel |
7th Amendment | accused has the right to a trial by jury |
8th Amendment | excessive bail shall not be imposed |
8th Amendment | cruel and unusual punishment shall not be inflicted |
9th Amendment | ensures people the rights of a free society |
10th Amendment | powers not delegated by the by the Constitution are reserved to the states and the people |
establishment clause | Congress will make no law respecting the establishment of religion |
free exercise clause | government cannot interfere with the exercise of religion |
freedom of expression | All five rights guarenteed by the 1st Amendment |
libel | printed words that knowingly ruin a persons reputation |
slander | spoken words that knowingly ruin a persons reputation |
probable cause | good reason for suspecting a person of a crime |
warrant | written document giving permission for search or seizure |
exclusionary rule | excludes evidence obtained illegally from being used in court |
Miranda warning | warning of rights before being taken into custody |
perjury | lying under oath |
bail | collateral used as a promise to appear in court |
habeas corpus | being formally told of te charges against you |
shield laws | reporters do not have to reveal their sources |
prior restraint | cannot curb ideas before they are expressed |
espionage | spying for a foreign country |
sedition | incitement of resistance to lawful authority |
treason | support for a nations enemy while at war |
sabotage | act to purposely hinder war effort |
direct examination | the first examination of a witness by the party calling the witness |
redirect examination | examination of a witness again after cross-examination |
cross examination | close questioning of a hostile witness in a court of law to discredit or throw a new light on the testimony already provided in direct examination |
recross examination | examination of a witness after redirect examination |
opening statement | a statement to the jury by trial counsel before the presentation of evidence that usually explains the nature of the case, the factual matters to be proven, and the evidence to be presented and that summarizes the arguments to be made |
closing statement | a concluding summary in presenting a case before a court of law |
prosecutor | the lawyers acting for the state to put the case against the defendant |
defendant | the lawyer representing the defendant |
objection | action taken by lawyer when they believe the opposing attorney has violated a rule of evidence |
leading question | a question so framed as to guide the person questioned in making his reply |
hearsay | Evidence based on the reports of others rather than the personal knowledge of a witness and therefore generally not admissible as testimony |
impeachment | To challenge the validity of; try to discredit a witness |