Question | Answer |
Gilded Age | Era following the Civil War & Reconstruction |
R.O.S.E. industries | Railroad, Oil, Steel, Electricity |
Thomas Edison | Inventor of the light bulb |
Monopoly | Complete control over an industry |
Trust | The boards that ran companies |
John Rockefeller | Head of Standard Oil Company |
Standard Oil | produced 90% Oil |
Andrew Carnegie | Scottish immigrant who became a giant in the steel industry |
Carnegie Steel | produced more than all steel companies in Great Britan |
Cornelius Vanderbilt | Dominated railroad industry |
Horizontal integration | Process in which companies producing similar products merge |
Vertical integration | Process in which a company buys out its supplier |
"Gospel of Wealth" | The idea that God made some men wealthy to take care of the rest |
urbanization | The growth of cities |
Ellis Island | Inspection station for immigrants arriving on the East Coast |
"New Immigrants" | Eastern European immigrants that came to the U.S. |
Nativism | Overt favoritism toward native-born Americans |
Tenements | Multifamily urban dwellings |
Chinese Exclusion Act | Act that limited Chinese immigration |
political machines | A group that controlled a political party |
Boss Tweed | Head of New York City's powerful Democratic political machine |
Tammany Hall | New York's political machine |
Credit Mobilier Scandal | involved bribes by railroad companies to gain lands grants |
Knights of Labor | First labor union |
Samuel Gompers | Union Leader |
American Federation of Labor | Founded by Samuel Gompers, most successful union. |
Homestead Strike | Violence erupted at Carnegie's steel plant, Federal troops were called to re-open the factory with replacement workers unionists demanded an 8-hr day |
Haymarket Strike | When violence broke out, public opinion turned against unions, viewing them as violent and "un-American" |
Pullman Strike | Railroad workers led a national strike when the Pullman Palace Company cut wages by 50%...President Cleveland sent the army to end the strike, Strikers in 27 states resisted & dozens died |
Homestead Act | Act that offered free land to western settlers |
Open Range | The open land that cowboys drove cattle over to railroads |
Transcontinental Railroad | a railroad that crosses the entire country |
Assimilation Policy | Name of a plan to make Native Americans part of white culture |
Sitting Bull | Leader of Hunkpapa Siuox |
Little Big Horn | Site of Custer's Last Stand |
George Custer | Colonel in U.S. Calvary |
Wounded Knee | U.S. massacre of Sioux in South Dakota |
Populism | Political movement that sought advancement for farmers and laborers |
Bimetalism ("Free Silver") | backing money with silver and gold |
William Jennings Bryan | Populist/Democratic presidential nominee |