Term | Definition |
artisans | skilled, experienced craft workers |
putting-out system | farming families were hired to perform specific tasks in the production process for a set wage |
labor theory of value | the value of a product should accurately reflect the labor needed to produce it |
Working Men's Party | lodged radical protest against the exploitation of workers that accompanied industrialization |
specie | "hard money" or gold and silver coins |
machine tools | devices that cut and shaped metal to make standardized, interchangeable parts for other mechanical devices |
Eli Whitney | invented the cotton gin |
Cyrus McCormick | developed mechanical reaper |
Cumberland Road | national highway that provided thousands with with a route from Maryland to Illinois |
Erie Canal | linked Hudson River, and thus New York City and the Atlantic seaboard, to the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River valley |
spoils system | rewarding party loyalists |
John C. Calhoun | South Carolinian, Jackson's vice president, developed theory of nullification |
corrupt bargain | term used to describe the election of 1824 by Jacksonians. Henry Clay gave the presidency to J. Q. Adams when it went to the House of Representatives after no candidate received a majority |
American System | called for high tariffs, a national bank, and federally sponsored internal improvements of canals and roads |
Tariff of Abominations | 1828 tariff that the south hated, especially South Carolina. This tariff would be a tax of 50% on imported goods and those who supported states' rights did not approve |
rotation in office | replacement of appointed federal officials |
nullification | the voiding of unwelcome federal laws |
Whigs | political party that championed active federal government committed to internal improvements |
Indian Removal Act | law that forced many Native American tribes to eave their homes and relocate |
Trail of Tears | the route that the Native Americans took from their homes to Oklahoma, so named because around 4,000 Cherokee died because of this forced removal |