| Question | Answer |
| Albuminuria | The presence of a abnormal amount of protein in the urine |
| Antiseptic | A substance that tends to inhabit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms |
| Anuria | Stopping production of urine |
| Arteriole | The smallest branch of an artery |
| Bacteriuria | The presence of more than 100,000 pathogenic bacteria per milliliter of urine |
| Bowman's capsule | The cup shaped end of a renal tubule containing a glomerulus |
| Turbid | Cloudy |
| Cortex | The putter layer of a body organ or structure |
| Dialysate | Solution that contains water and electrolytes that passes through the artificial kidney |
| Dwell time | The length of time the dialysis solution stays in the peritoneal cavity during peritoneal dialysis |
| Dysuria | Painful urination |
| Erythropoietin | A hormone synthesized mainly in the kidneys and released into the bloodstream |
| First-voided specimen | The first voided specimen of the morning |
| Glomerular filtration | Substances that filter out the blood through a thin wall of the glomeruli |
| Glomerulus | A ball shaped collection of very tiny, coiled and intertwined capillaries |
| Glycosuria | Abnormal amount of glucose in the urine |
| Hematuria | Abnormal amount of blood in the urine |
| Hilum | Pit in the organ where the vessels and nerves enter |
| Ketonuria | Presence of excessive amounts of ketone bodies in the urine |
| Medulla | The most internal part of a structure or organ |
| Micturition | The act of eliminating urine from the bladder |
| Mid-stream specimen | Peeing and then wiping with a antiseptic, and them the next set is collected |
| Nephrolith | Kidney stones |
| Nocturia | Urination, mostly at night |
| Oliguria | Secretion of a diminished amount of urine in relation to fluid intake |
| Peritoneum | Membrane That covers the entire abdominal wall of body |
| Peritonitis | Inflammation of the peritoneum |
| pH | The acidity of a solution |
| Polydipsia | Excessive thirst |
| Polyuria | Excretion of large amounts of urine |
| Pus | A think yellowish liquid produced from infected tissue |
| Pyuria | Pus in urine |
| Rental pelvis | The central collecting part of the kidney that narrows into the large upper end of the ureter |
| Residual urine | Urine that remains in the bladder after urination |
| Uremia | Excessice amounts of urea and other waste products in blood |
| Urgency | A feeling of the need to void urine immediately |
| Urinary incontinence | Inability to control urination |
| Ureter | One pair of tubes the carries urine from the kidney to the bladder |
| Cystitis | Inflammation of the urinary bladder, urgency and frequency urination |
| Glomerulonephritis | Inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidneys characterize by proteinuria |
| Hydronephrosis | Distension of the pelvis and calyces of the kidneys caused by urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in a ureter |
| Polycystic kidney | Hereditary disorder of the kidneys in which grape like fluid filled sacs or cysts, replace normal kidney tissue |
| Pyelonephritis | Bacterial infection of the renal palvis of the kidney |
| Vesicureteral reflux | Abnormal backflow or urine from the bladder to the ureter resulting from a congenital defect |
