Question | Answer |
Antigen that marks all T cells | CD3 |
B cells mature into this cell type | Plasma cell |
What cytokine causes B cells to mature into plasma cells? | IL-4 |
What cytokine causes T cells to mature into cytotoxic T cells? | IL-2 |
What cytokines are released by Th1 cells? | IL-2 and IFN-gamma |
Th2 cells release this cytokine | IL-4 |
CD8 antigen found on cytotoxic T cells recognize what substances? | Non-self antigens on MHC-1 receptors |
What cell type recognizes viral antigens? | Cytotoxic T cells |
What cell type recognizes intracellular pathogens? | Cytotoxic T cells |
What happens when cytotoxic T cells detect an MHC-I presented non-self antigen? | It causes the presenting cells to undergo lysis/apoptosis |
MHC class I is found on which cell types? | All nucleated cells and platelets |
MHC class II is found on which cell types? | B cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, all APCs |
Natural killer cells recognize this cell type | Cells that lack self-MHC |
NK cells are part of the _______________ (innate vs. acquired) immune system | Innate |
The variable regions of immunoglobulins are involved in this process | Antigen recognition |
The constant regions of immunoglobulins are recognized by these cell types | PMNs and macrophages |
Which antibodies fix complement? | IgM and IgG |
Which antibody crosses the placenta during pregnancy? | IgG |
Which antibody is found in Peyer’s patches? | IgA |
What cell type is the major source of histamine in the blood? | Basophils |
What cell type is the major source of histamine in tissue? | Mast cells |
These two common tumor associated antigens are involved in liver cancer and colon cancer | AFP and CEA |
IL-2 converts lymphocytes to this cell type active in the immune response to this situation | Lymphokine-activated killer cells help with the immune response to tumor (infiltration) |
IFN-gamma upregulates what molecules? | MHC I and II |
TNF-alpha is released by what cell type? | Cytotoxic T cells |
TNF-alpha causes what response in target cells? | Lysis |
TGF-beta is a growth factor for what cell type? | Epithelial cells |
TGF-beta is released by many tumor cells, and causes suppression of what immune cell types? | Cytotoxic T cells and lymphokine-activated killer cells |