Term | Definition |
radical | people who take extreme political positions |
Judiciary Act of 1801 | a law that increased the number of federal judges, allowing President John Adams to fill most of the new spots with Federalits |
John Marshal | an appointed new Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and upheld federal authority and strengthened federal courts and also judged Marbury v. Madison |
Marbury v. Madison | an 1803 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to abolish laws by declaring them unconstitutional |
unconstitutional | something that contradicts the law of the constitution |
judicial review | the Supreme Court has the final say in interpreting the Constitution |
Louisiana Purchase | 1803 purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France, doubled the size of the US |
Meriwether Lewis | led the expedition into the Louisiana country to St. Louis |
William Clark | a skilled mapmaker and outdoors man and proved to be a natural leader in the Lewis and Clark expedition |
Lewis and Clark expedition | a group led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark who explored the lands of the Louisiana Purchase beginning in 1803 |
Sacaqawea | Shoshone women whose language skills and knowledge of geography would be of great value to Lewis and Clark |
Zebulon Pike | find the sources of the Arkansas and Red rivers |
impressment | kidnapping of American sailors to work on British ships |
Embargo Act of 1807 | American ships were no longer allowed to sail to foreign ports |
Tecumseh | a Shawnee chief, vowed to stop the loss of Native American land |
War Hawk | another name for westerners who called for war |
Oliver Hazard Perry | defeated the British fleet at Lake Erie |
Battle of the Thames | this victory put an end to the British threat to the Northwest |
Francis Scott Key | a Washington lawyer who helped adopt the national anthem |
Treaty of Ghent | ended the War of 1812 |