Term | Definition |
1. Unconditional Surrender | giving up completely without any concessions |
2. Saturation Bombing | tactic of dropping massive amounts of bombs in order to inflict maximum damage |
3. Strategic Bombing | purpose was to destroy Germany's capacity to make war |
4. Tuskegee Airmen | African American squadron that escorted bombers in the air war over Europe during world war II |
5. Battle of Midway | turning point of World War II in the Pacific, in which the Japanese advance was stopped |
6. Executive Order 8802 | world war II measure that assured fair hiring practices in any job funded by the government |
7. Bracero Program | plan that brought laborers from Mexico to work on American farms |
8. Internment | temporary imprisonment of members of a specific group |
9. Korematsu v. United States | the supreme court upheld the government's wartime internment policy |
10. 442nd Regimental Combat Team | all-Nisei regiment fought in the Italian campaign and became the most decorated military unit in American history |
11. Rationing | government-controlled limits on the amount of certain goods that civilians could buy during wartime |
12. (OWL) Office of War Information | government agency that encouraged support of the war effort during world war II |
13. D-Day | June 6, 1944, the day Allies landed on the beaches of Normandy, France |
14. Battle of the Bulge | in December 1944, Hitler ordered a counterattack on Allied troops in Belgium, but it crippled Germany by using up reserves and demoralizing its troops |
15. Island Hopping | world war II strategy that involved seizing selected Japanese-held islands in the pacific while bypassing others |
16. Kamikaze | Japanese pilots who deliberately crashed planes into American ships during world war II |
17. Manhattan Project | code name of the project that developed the atomic bomb |
18. Holocaust | name now used to describe the systematic murder of Jews by the Nazis |
19. Anti-Semitism | prejudice and discrimination against Jewish people |
20. Nuremberg Laws | laws enacted by hitler than denied german citizenship to jews |
21. Kristallnacht | "Night of the Broken Glass", organized attacks on Jewish communities in Germany on November 9, 1938 |
22. Genocide | willful annihilation of a racial, political, or cultural group |
23. Concentration Camp | camps used by the Nazis to imprisonment "undesirable" members of society |
24. Death Camp | Nazi camp designed for the extermination of prisoners |
25. War Refugee Board | U.S. government agency founded in 1944 to save eastern European Jews |
26. Yalta Conference | 1945 strategy meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin |
27. Superpower | powerful country that plays a dominant economic, political, and military role in the world |
28. (GATT) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade | international agreement first signed in 1947 aimed at lowering trade barriers |
29. United Nations | organization founded in 1945 to promote peace |
30. Universal Declaration of Human Rights | document issued by the UN to promote basic human rights and freedoms |
31. Geneva Convention | international agreement governing the humane treatment of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war |
32. Nuremberg Trials | trials in which Nazi leaders were charged with war crimes |