Question | Answer |
fibrinolysis does what? | Removes fibrin |
What is a common hemophilia? | Factor 8 deficiency |
Preferred anticoagulant, ratio and color of tube | Sodium citrate, 9:1 blue top |
Precursor of thrombin | Prothrombin |
Coagulation groups that require vitamin K | Prothrombin PT=thromboplastin |
Reagent for PT test | Thromboplastin |
clot is removed by what system? | RES/MPS reticuloendothelial system/mononuclear phagocytic system |
factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin | Thrombin factor |
What test is for coumadin/warfarin | PT test |
What test is for heparin | aPTT |
Waht pathway is Factor VII (7) a part of ? | PT |
What is the end result of coagulation tests | the production of fibrin clot |
What is the inital clot made of after vessel damage? | Platelets |
What is fibrin degraded by during fibrinolysis | plasmin |
what are the tests to detect fibrinolysis | FDP, FSP, D-DIMER |
IMMUNOLOGY | IMMUNOLOGY |
What are the 5 classes of antibodies | G-A-M-E-D |
Which antibody is pentamer shaped? | IgM |
Which antibody can cross the placenta? | IgG |
What cell is associated with mononucleuosis | Reactive lymphs |
What is mono caused by? | Epstein Barr virus |
What increases the ASO titer | Acute glomerulonephritis |
How is complement destroyed | heat the serum/plasma to 56*C |
Define heterozygous | Tow alleles that are not alike |
How is passive immunity acquired? | Transferred in utero |
How is active immunity acquired? | Antigens exposed by vaccination or infection |
Define specifity | Reacts with only 1 specific antigen/antibody |
FTA-ABS detects what? | anti-treponemal antibodies confirmatory (+)syphilis |
MICROBIOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY |
what is the common microbiology stain that is used? | Gram stain |
What is the artifical media used for mycology | SABS |
what is the #1 cause of UTI's | E. coli |
what does a positive (+) India ink test indicate? | Cryptococcus neoformans |
What does growth up to a diffusion disk mean? | Resistant to the antibiotic |
What is the proper specimen used to test for malaria? | Blood |
NAD is considered "V factor" which is required to grow what? | Haemophilus influenza |
What microbe is known for swarming | Proteus |
What bodily fluid is trichamonas found in? | Vaginal secretions |
What microbe is associated with pink eye? | Haemophilus aegypticus |
what ailement is mycoplasma pneumoniae associated with? | Primary atypical pneumoniae |
N. gonorrhea grows best in hwat type of environment? | CO2 |
Streptococcus agalactiae is which group of strept? | Group B strept |
What stain is used to clear the backgroun of mycology slides? Used for wet preps? | KOH |
Beta hemolysis on BAP is indicative of what? | Strept throat |
What temp is a fecal specimen held at? | 24C |
Waht morphology and oxidase result is N. menigitis? | GPC and oxidase (+) |
What types of microbes are lactose fermentors? | Enterobacteriaceae |
What are MAC plates used for? | Determining lactose fermentors |
What morphology is Enterotoxins and what does it cause? | S. aureus and food poisoning |
HEMATOLOGY | HEMATOLOGY |
What type of cell lacks a central pallor? | Spherocyte |
What inclusion indicates lead poisoning? | basophillic stippling |
what inclusion is seen in myelogenous leukemia? | Auer rods |
Morphology of metamyelocyte | Granulocytic and it has a kidney bean shaped nucleus |
What is the largest WBC? | Monocyte |
What is the name of the RBC that has iron inclusions | siderocytes |
Anemia defined by 2 characteristics | low heme and RBC count |
Define pancytopenia | reduction in all elements of blood (WBC's, RBC's, PLT's) |
Term used to describe normal WBC formation | leukopoisis |
What type of RBC's are seen with anemia due to blood loss | normocytic RBC's |
What type of anemia is seen with chronic blood loss | iron deficient anemia |
What type of cell is seen with acute lympocytic leukemia | lymphoblast |
What does hematocrit measure? | Packed Rbc's volume |
Plasma protein that binds free hemoglobin in intravascular hemolysis | hepatoglobin |
Precursor to polychromatic RBC's | orthochromatic |
Plasma cell-D Pennuclear halo, eccentric nucleus | multiple myeloma |
Deficiencies associated with macrocytic anemia | B12 and follate deficiency |
Deficiency associated with microcytic anemia | iron deficiency anemia |
Define ansiocytosis | various sizes within a specimen |
Define poikilocytosis | various shapes within a specimen |
What is the least common WBC | Basophil |
Thalassemia has a lower what | decreased globulin synthesis |
MET hemoglobin | abnormal heme--> contains carbon monoxide |
MCH (mean cell hemoglobin) | amountof heme in an individual cell |
CHEMISTRY | CHEMISTRY |
What is C reactive protein | an increased response to inflammatory condition |
What is glucagon | a hormone that lowers blood sugar |
What is the function of Albumin | to maintain osmotic pressure |
TIBC | transferrin |
Define glycolysis mechanism | it converts lactose to lactate or pyruvate |
What happens to the serum analyase in dieases of the pancreas? | the serum analyase is elevated |
Electrophoresis | |
BLOODBANK | BLOODBANK |
DAT--> in vivo or in vitro | in vivo |
IAT-->in vivo or in vitro | in vitro |
AHG is used to detect what | IgG |
What can alphamethadopa cause. | It can cause a (+) DAT |
Which blood group is resistant to malaria | Duffy |
Which blood group is associated woth HDN (hemolytic disease of a newborn) | Group O |
URINALYSIS | URINALYSIS |
Ketones appear beacause of what? | increased fat metabolism |
Dipstick ketones | sodium nitroprusside |
What is the principle behind protein detection on dipstick | protein error indicators |
proximal convuluted tubules function | tubular reabsorption |
What casts are formed in the kidney tubules | hyaline casts |