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FINAL review
all subjects 2nd year review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| fibrinolysis does what? | Removes fibrin |
| What is a common hemophilia? | Factor 8 deficiency |
| Preferred anticoagulant, ratio and color of tube | Sodium citrate, 9:1 blue top |
| Precursor of thrombin | Prothrombin |
| Coagulation groups that require vitamin K | Prothrombin PT=thromboplastin |
| Reagent for PT test | Thromboplastin |
| clot is removed by what system? | RES/MPS reticuloendothelial system/mononuclear phagocytic system |
| factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin | Thrombin factor |
| What test is for coumadin/warfarin | PT test |
| What test is for heparin | aPTT |
| Waht pathway is Factor VII (7) a part of ? | PT |
| What is the end result of coagulation tests | the production of fibrin clot |
| What is the inital clot made of after vessel damage? | Platelets |
| What is fibrin degraded by during fibrinolysis | plasmin |
| what are the tests to detect fibrinolysis | FDP, FSP, D-DIMER |
| IMMUNOLOGY | IMMUNOLOGY |
| What are the 5 classes of antibodies | G-A-M-E-D |
| Which antibody is pentamer shaped? | IgM |
| Which antibody can cross the placenta? | IgG |
| What cell is associated with mononucleuosis | Reactive lymphs |
| What is mono caused by? | Epstein Barr virus |
| What increases the ASO titer | Acute glomerulonephritis |
| How is complement destroyed | heat the serum/plasma to 56*C |
| Define heterozygous | Tow alleles that are not alike |
| How is passive immunity acquired? | Transferred in utero |
| How is active immunity acquired? | Antigens exposed by vaccination or infection |
| Define specifity | Reacts with only 1 specific antigen/antibody |
| FTA-ABS detects what? | anti-treponemal antibodies confirmatory (+)syphilis |
| MICROBIOLOGY | MICROBIOLOGY |
| what is the common microbiology stain that is used? | Gram stain |
| What is the artifical media used for mycology | SABS |
| what is the #1 cause of UTI's | E. coli |
| what does a positive (+) India ink test indicate? | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| What does growth up to a diffusion disk mean? | Resistant to the antibiotic |
| What is the proper specimen used to test for malaria? | Blood |
| NAD is considered "V factor" which is required to grow what? | Haemophilus influenza |
| What microbe is known for swarming | Proteus |
| What bodily fluid is trichamonas found in? | Vaginal secretions |
| What microbe is associated with pink eye? | Haemophilus aegypticus |
| what ailement is mycoplasma pneumoniae associated with? | Primary atypical pneumoniae |
| N. gonorrhea grows best in hwat type of environment? | CO2 |
| Streptococcus agalactiae is which group of strept? | Group B strept |
| What stain is used to clear the backgroun of mycology slides? Used for wet preps? | KOH |
| Beta hemolysis on BAP is indicative of what? | Strept throat |
| What temp is a fecal specimen held at? | 24C |
| Waht morphology and oxidase result is N. menigitis? | GPC and oxidase (+) |
| What types of microbes are lactose fermentors? | Enterobacteriaceae |
| What are MAC plates used for? | Determining lactose fermentors |
| What morphology is Enterotoxins and what does it cause? | S. aureus and food poisoning |
| HEMATOLOGY | HEMATOLOGY |
| What type of cell lacks a central pallor? | Spherocyte |
| What inclusion indicates lead poisoning? | basophillic stippling |
| what inclusion is seen in myelogenous leukemia? | Auer rods |
| Morphology of metamyelocyte | Granulocytic and it has a kidney bean shaped nucleus |
| What is the largest WBC? | Monocyte |
| What is the name of the RBC that has iron inclusions | siderocytes |
| Anemia defined by 2 characteristics | low heme and RBC count |
| Define pancytopenia | reduction in all elements of blood (WBC's, RBC's, PLT's) |
| Term used to describe normal WBC formation | leukopoisis |
| What type of RBC's are seen with anemia due to blood loss | normocytic RBC's |
| What type of anemia is seen with chronic blood loss | iron deficient anemia |
| What type of cell is seen with acute lympocytic leukemia | lymphoblast |
| What does hematocrit measure? | Packed Rbc's volume |
| Plasma protein that binds free hemoglobin in intravascular hemolysis | hepatoglobin |
| Precursor to polychromatic RBC's | orthochromatic |
| Plasma cell-D Pennuclear halo, eccentric nucleus | multiple myeloma |
| Deficiencies associated with macrocytic anemia | B12 and follate deficiency |
| Deficiency associated with microcytic anemia | iron deficiency anemia |
| Define ansiocytosis | various sizes within a specimen |
| Define poikilocytosis | various shapes within a specimen |
| What is the least common WBC | Basophil |
| Thalassemia has a lower what | decreased globulin synthesis |
| MET hemoglobin | abnormal heme--> contains carbon monoxide |
| MCH (mean cell hemoglobin) | amountof heme in an individual cell |
| CHEMISTRY | CHEMISTRY |
| What is C reactive protein | an increased response to inflammatory condition |
| What is glucagon | a hormone that lowers blood sugar |
| What is the function of Albumin | to maintain osmotic pressure |
| TIBC | transferrin |
| Define glycolysis mechanism | it converts lactose to lactate or pyruvate |
| What happens to the serum analyase in dieases of the pancreas? | the serum analyase is elevated |
| Electrophoresis | |
| BLOODBANK | BLOODBANK |
| DAT--> in vivo or in vitro | in vivo |
| IAT-->in vivo or in vitro | in vitro |
| AHG is used to detect what | IgG |
| What can alphamethadopa cause. | It can cause a (+) DAT |
| Which blood group is resistant to malaria | Duffy |
| Which blood group is associated woth HDN (hemolytic disease of a newborn) | Group O |
| URINALYSIS | URINALYSIS |
| Ketones appear beacause of what? | increased fat metabolism |
| Dipstick ketones | sodium nitroprusside |
| What is the principle behind protein detection on dipstick | protein error indicators |
| proximal convuluted tubules function | tubular reabsorption |
| What casts are formed in the kidney tubules | hyaline casts |
Created by:
nizhoni
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