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Reporting Category 5

Essential terms for STAAR-EOC Biology

QuestionAnswer
primary succession Begins in a place without any soil (Sides of volcanoes or bare rock). Starts with the arrival of living things such as lichens that do not need soil to survive
parasitism symbiotic relationship where one species lives in or on another, harming it
commensalism symbiotic relationship where one species lives off another; one benefits without harming or helping the other
mutualism symbiotic relationship where both species benefit from the relationship
food chain shows energy flowing from one organism to another in a line
food web shows energy flowing in a network of organisms
food pyramid model that shows the number or mass of individual at each trophic level
biomass organic material that has stored chemical energy; the amount of living or once-living material in a given area
trophic level feeding step in a food web
autotroph make their own food (producers)
heterotroph depend on others to make their food (consumers)
primary consumer “herbivore” eat producers; eat plants
secondary consumer "carnivore" eat primary consumers
tertiary consumers "carnivore" or "omnivore" eat secondary consumers, primary consumers and/or producers
decomposer gets nutrients from non-living or decaying organic matter
biomagnification the concentration of harmful substances increases higher up in the food chain
10% rule only a small fraction of energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next, the rest used as energy, or lost as waste and heat
carrying capacity largest number of organisms an environment can support
nitrogen fixation converting nitrogen gas into a usable form plants can absorb
secondary succession recovery from an event that reduces an established population . Occurs after a fire or natural disaster, but where soil is already present
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