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Computer Hardware

BHS BCA - Chapter 2 Vocab - Computer Hardware

WordDefiniton
American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASCII; Coding system that computers of all types and brands can translate
Bit In binary, a bit represents a zero or a one
Byte A byte is another word for character; generally represented by 8 bits
CD-ROM Disk that can store up to 680 MB of data; data can only be read from it
Central Processing Unit CPU; Also known as the microprocessor; the brains of the computer
Controller Device that controls the transfer of data from the computer to a peripheral device and vice verse
DVD Digital Versatile Disk; Video output, including full-length movies, can be stored on this medium
Execution Cycle E-cycle; The amount of time it takes the CPU to execute an instruction and store the results in RAM
Hard Disk Drive A data storage unit inside a computer that can store a large quantity of data (60GB+), but cannot easily be removed form the computer
Impact Printer Type of printer that uses a mechanism that actually strikes the paper to form characters
Input Device Enable the user to input data and commands into the computer
Instruction Cycle I-cycle; The amount of time it takes the CPU to receive an instruction and complete the command
Keyboard Common input device for entering numeric and alphabetic data into a computer
Main Memory RAM; Is like short-term memory. it stores data while the computer is running. When the computer is turned off or if there is a loss of power, any data in the main memory disappears. The computer can read from and write to this type of memory
Memory Where data is stored on the computer's motherboard
Motherboard A circuit board that contains all of the computer system's main components
Mouse A pointing device that serves as a faster, more effective alternative to the keyboard in communicating instructions to the computer
Network Drive A disk drive located on another computer or server that provides space you can use for data
Nonimpact Printers Type of printer in which characters are formed without anything striking the paper
Optical Storage Devices Devices that enable the computer to give the user the results of processed data
Output Devices Enable the computer to give you the results of the processed data
Plotter An output device used to produce charts, engineering plans, and other large-size printed material with lines drawn by pens that move on rails
Pointer On-screen object (whose shape changes depending on the function) that can be moved and controlled by the mouse
Random Access Memory RAM; Where instructions and data are stored on a temporary basis. This memory is volatile
Read-Only Memory ROM; Permanent storage; instructions are burned onto chips by the manufactuer
Scanner An input device that can change images inot codes for input on the computer
System Clock An electronic pulse that is used to sync processing; it controls the speed of the CPU
Created by: grvr95
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