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Hardware

AnswerQuestion
CPU The brains of the computer system
RAM (Random Access Memory) Where instructions and data are stored on a temporary basis; volatile memory.
ROM (Read-Only Memory) Permanent storage; instructions are burned onto chips by the manufacturer.
USB Standard that supports data transfer rates up to 12 million bits per second.
Port Point at which a peripheral device attaches to a system unit so it can send data or receive information from the computer.
Motherboard Circuit board that contains all of the computer system’s main components.
Modem Communications hardware device that facilitates the transmission of data.
Fire Wire Type of external bus that supports data transfer rates up to 400 Mbps and can connect up to 63 external devices.
Instruction Cycle (I-Cycle) Amount of time it takes the central processing unit to retrieve an instruction and complete the command.
Machine Cycle Made up of the instruction cycle and the execution cycle.
Memory Also called random access memory or RAM, it is like short-term memory. It stores data while the computer is running. When the computer is turned off or if there is a loss of power, any data in the main memory disappears.
Expansion Slot Openings on the motherboard where an expansion board, also called an adapter card, can be inserted.
Execution Cycle (E-Cycle) Amount of time it takes the central processing unit to execute an instruction and store the results in RAM.
Controller Device that controls the transfer of data from the computer to a peripheral device and vice versa.
Control Unit That part of the CPU that coordinates all CPU activities.
Computer System Input, output, and processing devices grouped together.
Cache Memory High-speed random access memory that is used to increase the speed of the data-processing cycle.
Byte Another word for character; generally represented by 8 bits.
Bit In binary, a bit represents a zero or one.
Arithmetic/logic unit(ALU) Part of the CPU where all calculations and comparisons take place.Arith
Created by: lynchie8344
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