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apluschapter17
terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pan | consists of personal devices at close range such as a cell phone |
| lan | covers a small area such as a home or office |
| wlan | covers a limited geographical area and is popular in places where networking cableare difficult to install such as outdoors |
| man | covers a large campus or city |
| wan | covers a large geographical area and is made up of many smaller networks |
| bandwidth | the theoretical number of bits that can be transmitted over a network at one time,similiar to the number of lanes on a highway |
| internet service providers | earthlink comcast |
| ieee | creates standards for computer and electronic industries |
| tcp/ip | a group of protocols that control many different aspects of communication |
| isdn | an outdated broadband technology developed in the 1980s that uses regular phone lines and is accessed by a dialup connection |
| computer | when two or more computers communiate with each other |
| data throughput | actual speed of a network |
| latency | delay in network transmissions |
| broadband | networking technology that carries more then one signal such as dsl or telephone |
| packet | data segment |
| header | info at the beginning of the packet |
| trailer | info at the end of the packet |
| cable modem | converts pc digital signal to analog when sending them and converts incoming analog data to digital |
| dsl | group of broadband technologies that covers a wide range of speeds |
| dsl | uses ordinary copper phone lines and a range of frequencies on that copper wire that re not used by voice |
| adsl | uses one upload speed from the consumer to an isp and a faster download speed |
| sdsl | uses equal bandwiths in both directions |
| disadvantage of using satellite for an internet connection | delays in transmission |
| wireless networks | uses radio waves or infrared light instead of cables or wires to connect computers or ther devices |
| 802.11 | most popular technology for for wireless local networks |
| 802.11g | freguency range 2.4 ghz distance 100 meters |
| 802.11b | freguency range 2.4 ghz distance 100 meters |
| mimo | two or more atennas are used at both ends of transmission |
| 802.11n | compatible with 802.11b/g |
| 802.11n | can use the 5ghz range |
| 802.11a | works in the 5ghz range 50 meters |
| 802.11k | help manage connections between wireless devices and access points |
| 802.11k | defines how wireless network traffic can better be distributed over multiple access points covering a wide area so that the strongest signal is not overloaded |
| 802.11r | defines how a mobile wireless device can easily and quickly transition as it moves out of range from one access point snd into the range of another |
| 802.11d | designed to run in countries outside the united states |
| three main protocols for encryption for 802.11 networks | wep wpa wpa2 |
| ssid | name of the wireless access point |
| mac address | six byte number that uniquely identifies a network adapter on a computer |
| 802.16d | wimax |
| 802.16e | supports up to 75 Mbps range of several miles uses 2 to 11 ghz frequency |
| base station | fixed transceiver and antenna |
| wpa2 | 802.11i standard |
| aes | advanced encryption standard |
| tkip encryption | temporal key integrity protocol |
| bluetooth | range of 10 meters 2.4 ghz range transfer data up to 3 mbps |
| gsm | uses att open standard that uses digital communication of data and accepted worldwide |
| cdma | used by cell phone providers in the us only |
| tdma | older outdated technology |
| full duplex | simultaneous send and receive at the same time |
| half duplex | only send or receive |
| point to point | send data packets over phone lines line protocol |
| dial up networking | plain old telephone service |
| modem standard | v92 |
| cellular internet card | air card |
| air card | works like a cell phone to connect to a cellular wan to give you computer access |
| mobile satellite broadband | requires portable satellie dish |
| 100BaseT | an ethernet standard that operates at 100 Mbps and uses twisted pair cabling up to 100 meters-328 feet also called fast ethernet |
| 10Base2 | an outdated ethernet standard that operates at 10mbps and uses small coaxial cable up to 500 meters long.also called thinnet |
| 10Base5 | an outdated ethnernet standard that operates at 10Mbps and uses thick coaxial cable up to 500 meters long also called thicknet |
| 10BaseT | an ethernet standard that operates at 10mbps and uses twisted pair cables up to 100 meters or 328 feet |
| coaxial cable | single copper wire down the middle and a braided shield around it |
| fiber optic | transmits signals as pulses of light over glass strands inside protected tubing |
| fiber optic cable | single mode and multimode |
| ethernet cabling | unshielded and shielded twisted pair |
| ethernet types | 10mbps 100mbps 1000Mbps 10Gbps |
| fiber optic cables | straight tip standard connector local connector mechanical transfer rj |
| 1000Mbps | gigabit ethernet |
| 100BaseT | 100BaseTX and 100BaseFX |
| 100BaseFX | uses fiber optic cable |
| 100Mbps | fast Ethernet |
| twisted pair cable | most popular cabling for local networks |
| fiber optic | transmits signals as pulses of light over glass strands inside protective tubing |
| coaxial | single copper wire down the middle and a braided shield around it |
| 10Base2 | 185meters or 607 feet |
| 10Base5 | 500 meters or 607 feet |
| 10BaseT | 100 meters or 328 feet |
| hub | pass thru device tp connect nodes on a network |
| bus toplogy | nodes are all strung together in a daisy chain with terminators at each end |
| star topology | nodes are connected to a centralized hub or switch |
| switch | keeps a table of all devices connected to it |
| switch | uses a table to decide which path to use when sending packets |
| hub | no egard for data |
| network cables | patch cable or crossover table |
| patch cable | straight thru cable |
| patch cable | connects computer to hub or switch |
| hub | data overload because everyone gets the request or the data |
| ethernet hub | transmits the data packet to every device except the device that sent the transmission |
| crossover cable | used to connect two like devices such as a switch to a switch or a pc to a pc |
| hub | sends data to everyone |
| switch | sends data to specific people |
| patch cable | connect two different devices |
| crossover cable | connect two like devices |
| ad hoc mode | wireless devices commnicate directly pc to pc |
| router | device that manages traffic between two networks |
| router | gateway to the Internet |
| crossover | transmit and receiv lines are reversed |
| router | a device that connects one device to another |
| dhcp | dynamic host configuration protocol |
| dhcp server | gives ip addresses to computers on the network when they attempt to initiate a connection to the network and request an ip address |
| access points | provide coverage |
| wireless access points | allow wireless device connection to a lan |
| firewall | blocks unwanted traffic initiated from the internet |
| router | connection between two networks |
| nat | network address translation |
| nat | protocol that substitutes the ip address of the router for the ip address of other computers inside the network when these computers need to communicate on the internet |
| dynamic ip addressing | an assigned ip address used for the current session only,when the session is terminated , the ip address returns to a list of available addresses |
| dhcp server | provides ip addresses out to network computers |
| router functions | router switch dhcp server wireless access point firewall with or without nat redirection |
| port 20 | ftp |
| port 22 | ssh |
| port 23 | telne |
| port 25 | smtp |
| port 53 | dns |
| port 80 | http |
| port 110 | pop3 |
| port 143 | imap |
| port 443 | https |
| port 3389 | rdp |
| client server applications | two computers and two applications are involved |
| server | any computer or application that brings up data when that data is requested |
| wireless access point | a computer can connect to the network using a wireless device |
| three levels where communication happens between a client and server application | hardware application operating system |
| protocols | predetermines rules for communicqtion |
| hardware level | root level of communication |
| ip address | a thirty two bit string used to identify a computer on the network |
| the largest possible bit number | two hundred and fifty five |
| two kinds of network addressing | static dynamic |
| static addressing | a unique IP address that never changes |
| dynamic addressing | each time the computer connects to the network it gets a new ip address from the dhcp server which is called leasing the address |
| ip address | used to identify a computer both inside and outside its local network |
| operating system | responsible for managing communication between itself and another computer using rules for communication that both operating systems understand |
| application level | when you use the internet to surf the web or download your email you need to use an |
| client | requests information |
| server | has information requested |
| hardware level | includes the mac address |
| port number | uniquely identifies an application on your computer |
| mac address | local address |
| ip address | long distance address |
| socket | endpoint of an inter-process communication flow across a computer network |
| application level | client communicationg with another application |
| socket | ip address followed by a colon and a port number |
| pop3 | post office protocol version 3 used by a client to receive mail |
| dns | domain name service used to find an ip address when a coomputers character based name is unknown |
| imap | stays on the server you can check your email from phone or internet and the email is always there |
| pop3 | deleted off the server as it is being sent to me it is the only copy |
| telnet | has no encryption |
| https | has encryption |
| ip address | 32 bits long made up of 4 bytes each 8 bits long |
| intranet | private network that uses he tcp/ip protocols |
| octet | eight bits |
| class A | 127 possibilities |
| class B | 16,000 possibilities |
| class C | 2 million possibilities |
| first part of an IP address | identifies the network |
| last part of an IP address | identifies the host |
| IPv4 | 32 bits |
| IPv6 | 128 bits |
| when data is routed over interconnected networks | the network portion of the ip address is used to locate the right network |
| after the data arrives at the local network | the host portion of the ip address is used to identify the one computer on the network that is to receive the data |
| ICANN | responsible for keeping track of assigned ip addresses and domain names |
| class D | multicasting |
| class d | octets 224 thru 239 |
| class e | research |
| class e | |
| subnet mask | tells the os which part of an ip address is the network portion and which part is the host |
| subnet mask | a computer or other device can know if an ip address of another computer is on its network or another network |
| classful subnet masks | contain all ones or all zeros |
| classless subnet mask | contains a mix of ones and zeros |
| public ip addresses | ip addresses available on the internet |
| private ip addresses | ip addresses not available on the internet |
| cidr | classless interdomain routing |
| nat redirection | the device substitutes its own public ip address for the private ip address of a computer behind the firewall |
| apipa | automatic private ip adress |
| dynamic ip address | assigned for current connection only |
| dhcp server | manages dynamically assigned ip adresses on a network |
| dhcp clients | workstations that work with dhcp servers |
| apipa | automatic private ip address |
| apipa | an ip address used by a computer when it cannot successfully lease an ip address from a dhcp server |
| host name | computer name |
| host name | name of a computer and can be used in place of its ip address |
| netbios | network basic input output system |
| netbios name | can be up to 15 characters |
| netbeui | windows networking protocol |
| domain name | identifies a network |
| fully qualified domain name | identifies a computer and the network to which it belongs |
| name resolution | the process of associating a character based name with an ip address |
| apipa address that means there is a network problem somewhere | 169.254.x.y. |
| apipa address | can still have a peer to peer network |
| domain name system | domain name service |
| domain name system | the protocol and service used to track these character based names with ip addresses |
| chracter based names | substitute for ip addresses |
| netbios name | a fifteen character name used on legacy system |
| dns server | finds ip address when fdqn known |
| hosts file | contains computer names and their associated ip addresses on the local network |
| http | protocol used for the www and is used by web browsers and servers to communicate |
| wins | windows internet naming service |
| wins | used to track netbios names |
| https | protocol used by web browsers and servers to encrypt the data before it is sent and then decrypt it before the data is processed |
| ftp | transfers files between two computers |
| api | application programming interface |
| api | the way applications ask the operating system to do something |
| smtp | used to send an email to a recipients mail server |
| smtp auth | protocol is used to authenticate a user to an email server when the email client first tries to connect to the email server to send email |
| pop3 or imap4 | used to download email to the client |
| ping | packet internet groper |
| ping | tests connectivity by sending an echo request to a computer |
| ipconfig | can display tcp ip configuration and refresh the ip address |
| telnet | a user connects to a remote computer and controls it through the command prompt window |
| tcp and udp | control communication on the network |
| imap | leaves a copy on the server |
| pop3 | look at it and it is gone |
| tcp | guarantees packet delivery |
| udp | no guarantee of delivery |
| tcp | connection oriented protocol |
| udp | connectionless protocol |
| tcp | makes a connection checks whether the data was received and if not it resends |
| udp | best effort protocol primarily used for broadcasting |
| udp | does not check if the connection checks whether the data was received and if not it resends |
| arp | address resolution protocol |
| arp | locating a host on a local network |
| rarp | discovering internet address on a local network |
| telnet | allows user connection to a remote computer |
| ping -a | tests for name resolution |
| ping -t | pings until it is interrupted |
| ping 127.0.0.1 | loopback address |
| ping -l | changes the size of the data packet sent with the ping |
| ipconfig /all | displays tcp ip information |
| ipconfig /release | release the ip address |
| ipconfig /renew | lease a new address from a dhcp server |
| ipconfig /displaydns | displays info about name resolutions that windows currently hold in the dns resolver cache |
| vpn | secures private data traveling over a public network |
| vpn tunneling protocols | pptp L2tp ssl ipsec |
| point to point protocol | weakest protocol |
| strongest tunneling protocol | layer two tunneling protocol over ipsec |
| subnet mask | group of four dotted decimal numbers that tells tcp ip if a computers ip address is on the same network |
| gateway | device that allows a computer on one network to communicate with another network |
| default gateway | is the gateway a computer uses to access another network if it does not have a better option |
Created by:
cgeaski
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