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Literature LCC WGU19
Literature-Notes Chapter 19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which new mode of satire, characterized by joining high style with low subject matter, was developed in the 18th Century? . Neoclassicism b. Mock-heroic c. Didactic poetry d. Comedy of Manners | B |
| Which two classes engaged sentiment and sensibility as primary themes in their writing and social conduct? a. Middle b. Lower c. Gentry d. Knights | AC |
| What three topics were most satirized in the eighteenth century (choose three)? a. Religion b. Manners c. Aristocracy d. Colonies | ABC |
| During the Restoration period, what was the most commonly used verse form? a. Heroic couplet b. Tragic couplet c. Heroic sestet d. Tragic sestet | A |
| During the Restoration period, what was the relationship between science and faith? | Science was seen as a compliment to religious faith |
| During the 18th century, novels were often used for didactic purposes, to teach and inform. Which of the following is true regarding the audience for novels (choose all that apply): | b. Novels were written with the middle class as well as the gentry in mind c. Novels that explored women’s issues often ended in marriage |
| One major shift during this period was that the population moved from the countryside into towns and cities. This new mode of urban living was in turn reflected in the literature. | True |
| The exploration of the world, through travel as well as through scientific investigation, affected literature in the following ways (choose all that apply): | . Authors created imaginary worlds that they populated with strange beings c. Authors took a new look at humankind’s place in the universe |
| Because of the new focus on travel, some authors took the opportunity to describe invented worlds as though they were real places in an attempt to fool their readers. | True |
| Comedy of Manners | A term designating the realistic, often satirical, comedy of the Restoration, as practiced by Congreve and others. |
| Didactic Poetry | Poetry that is intened primarily to teach a lesson |
| Didactic Novel | Although the term is often applied to any novel plainly designed to teach a lesson, such as the Horatio Alger books, it is properly used as a synonym for the education novel, an 18th century form presenting an ideal education for some young person |
| Didacticism | Instructiveness in a work, one purpose of which is to give guidance, particularly in moral, ethical, or religious matters. |
| Domestic Tragedy | Tragedy dealing with the domestic life of commonplace people. |
| Education Novel | A form of novel developed in the late 18th century presenting in fictional form a plan for the education of a young person into a desirable citizen and a morally and intellectually self-relian individual. |
| Heroic Couplet | Iambic pentameter lines rhymed in pairs |
| Heroic Drama | A type of tragedy and tragicomedy developed in England during the Restoration, characterized by excessive spectacle, violent conflicts amont the main characters, bombastic dialogue, and epic personages. |
| Mock Epic | Terms for a literary form that burlesques the epic by treating a trivial subject in the "grand style" or uses the epic formulas to make a trivial subject ridiculous by ludricrously overstating it. |
| Neoclassicism | the term for the classicism that dominated English literature in the Restoration AGe and in the 18th century |
| Neoclassic Period | the period in English literature between the the return of the Stuarts to the English throne in 1660 and the publication of Lyrical Ballads by Wordsworth and Coleridge in 1798. |
| Restoration Age | The restoration of the Stuarts in 1660 has given a name to a literary period embracing the latter part of the seventeenth century. |
| Sentimental Comedy | Just as the comedy of manners reflected in the comedy that displaced it known as ___________, or "reformed comedy" sprang up in the early years of the 18th century in response to a growing rection against the tone of Restoration plays |
| Sentimental Novel | The sentimentalism of the 18th century was reflected not only in the sentimental comedy and the domestic tragedy but in the early novels as well. Also known as novel of sensibility. |
| o 1660 CE to 1700 CE (Late 17th Century) o Named for the restoration of Charles II as England’s king in 1660 CE | The Restoration |
| o 1660 CE to 1798 CE (Late 17th Century through 18th Century) o Includes the Restoration | The Neoclassical Period |
| Concept of ‘wit’--Reaction against Puritanism--Didactic message in many literary works--Satirizing religion, manners, and the aristocracy--Discovery of exotic cultures and places--Attention to the forms established by Classical literature | Restoration and Neoclassical Period (includes these as well) Advancements in science and in knowledge of the world Sentiment and Sensibility o Code of conduct and of feeling – emotional responsiveness over reason |
| Conquest, valor, and virtue Based on the aristocracy | Theatre o Heroic Drama (Restoration) |
| Comedy about the upper echelons of society Taught its audience how people should and should not act Many of the theatrical works are set in and around London | Restoration Comedy or Comedy of Manners (Restoration) |
| The trials of mercantile households | Domestic Tragedy (18th Century) |
| Promoted family values Showed the merchants in a positive light | Sentimental Comedy (18th Century) |
| o Weekly magazines, newspapers, and journals o Non-fiction prose | Periodicals |
| o Often used to educate the middle class about manners | Novels |
| Takes the Classical genre of the epic and uses it to present comedic tropes | Mock Epic (also called Mock Heroic) |
| Aphra Behn | Oroonoko |
| William Congreve | The Way of the World |
| Daniel Defoe | Robinson Crusoe |
| John Dryden | Absalom and Achitophel Annus Mirabilis All for Love |
| Anne Finch | "The Apology" |
| Oliver Goldsmith | She Stoops to Conquer, The Vicar of Wakefield |
| Thomas Gray | "Elegy Writen in a Courtry Churchyard" |
| Samuel Johnson | The Rambler The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia A Dictionary of the English Language |
| Samuel Pepys | The Diary |
| Alexander Pope | Rape of the Lock; An Essay on Man |
| Christopher Smart | "For I will consider my Cat Jeoffry" |
| Jonathan Swift | A Modest Proposal Gulliver's Travels |
| John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester | "The Imperfect Enjoyment" |
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