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ONE1 Written Final
from Anatomy of Movement (Calais-Germain)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| (SHEB&SP) Ball & socket (shoulder, hip), ellipsoid (MCP, wrist), hinge (ankle, knee), pivot (radio-ulnar), saddle (thumb, sternoclavicular) | Types of joints (SHEB&SP) |
| DISLOCATION | One of bones making up the joint is forced out of its natural alignment from excessive stretching and tearing of the joint ligaments and capsule. |
| SUBLUXATION | A partial or incomplete dislocation |
| True or False: Joint cartilage has BV. | False. Joint cartilage, like all cartilage, does NOT have blood vessels. (It does have innervation by nerves however.) |
| Two common diseases involving damage to joint capsule | RA and OA |
| Contains high concentrations of collagenous (white) fibers which adapts it well for shock absorption | Fibrocartilage (found in intervertebral discs and "articular discs" (aka menisci) of knee |
| Principal function of synovial membrane is to secrete _____ , which fills the articular cavity, lubricating the joint and providing nutrients to the surrounding cartilage. | synovial fluid |
| True or False?: Ligaments contain numerous sensory nerve vells capable of responding to the speed, movement, and position of the joint, as well as to stretching and pain. | True |
| MONO V. POLY ARTICULAR (muscles) | A muscle that crosses and affects a single joint is called _____; one that crosses (and moves) more than one joint is called _____. |
| Muscle that PRODUCES the movement is called the ____; muscle that produces the opposite movement (often to provide stability) is called ____. | AGONIST V. ANTAGONIST |
| In hip flexion, what muscle is the agonist and which (name one) is antagonist? | Psoas would be agonist. Antagonist gluteus maximus (which EXTENDS the hip). |
| Concentric contraction | O and I move toward each other |
| Eccentric contraction | "Applying the brakes": example= squat. Rectus femoris and hamstring muscles flex the hip and knee but bones involved do not change position. |
| Isometric contraction | "O & I do not move" |
| Primary spinal curves (thoracic, sacral) are | kyphotic |
| Secondary spinal curves (cervical, lumbar) are | lordodic |
| Create "exit" for spinal nerves | INTRAVERTEBRAL FORAMINA |
| Are made up of a fibrous Annulus fibrosis and a gelatinous "shock absorber" fluid center, the Nucleus pulposus | INTRAVERTEBRAL DISCS |
| This spinal LIGAMENT runs along the TIPS of the spinous processes) | SUPRASPINOUS |
| What are the 3 spinal ligaments? | Anterior, posterior, supraspinous |
| VERTEBRAL ARTERY | Passes through the TRANSVERSE FORAMINA of discs C1 thru C6 |
| Is like a "washer" that seals the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint | GLENOID LABRUM |
| MUSCLES OF SCAPULA- Attach to medial border | serratus anterior, rhomboids |
| MUSCLES OF SCAPULA- Attach to top | levitator scapulae |
| MUSCLES OF SCAPULA- Attaches to coracoid process | Pec minor |
| MUSCLES OF SCAPULA- Attaches to 3 places (mostly on) posterior scapula, but also on acromion | Traps |
| MUSCLES OF SCAPULA- Attaches to supraspinous fossa | SUPRASPINATUS |
| MUSCLES OF SCAPULA- Attaches to infraspinous fossa | INFRASPINATUS |
| arises from MEDIAL epicondyle of humerus | ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT OF ELBOW |
| arises from LATERAL epicondyle of humerus | RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT OF ELBOW |
| MUSCLES OF ROTATOR CUFF- Lateral rotation | Infraspinatus and Teres Minor |
| MUSCLES OF ROTATOR CUFF- Medial rotation | Subscapularis |
| MUSCLES OF ROTATOR CUFF- Abduction | Supraspinatus |
| The ____ _____ aka transverse carpal ligament, attaches at the front and back of this notch. Together, the notch and (______) ligament form a ringlike structure around the radial head. | ANNULAR LIGAMENT |
| Tethers (connects/holds) radial notch of ulna to the "neck" (proximal end) of the radius | QUADRAE LIGAMENT |
| Fibrous, bilayer membrane which connects the SHAFTS of the radius & ulna | IOM |
| Middle finger as axis (turning a key); pinky finger as axis (turning page of a book). Ulna STAY FIXED in the "page turning" action, but moves slightly in the former. | 2 types of supination |
| The most powerful supinator, acting to "unfurl" the proximal part of the radius. | biceps brachii |
| Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform. | (That's the more proximal, or "radiocarpal" row.) |
| trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate. | (The "metacarpal" row.) |
| Connects the femoral head to the acetabulum | LIGAMENTUM TERES |
| Fibrocarilaginous ring attached around the rim of the acetabulum that helps hold the femoral head in place (and "increase the effective depth of the socket") | LABRUM OF HIP |
| Average angle between femoral neck and shaft | 135 degrees |
| More than 135 degrees | Valgus |
| Less than 135 degrees | Varum |
| Two mechanisms associated with flexion & extension of the knee | roll & glide |
| Below the knee the quadriceps tendon becomes the ______ | PATELLAR LIGAMENT |
| Attaches to anterior intercondylar area of the tibia | ACL |
| Attaches to posterior intercondylar area of the tibia | PCL |
| Attaches to the lateral aspect of the MEDIAL femoral condyle | PCL |
| Medial collateral ligament | is also called the TIBIAL (b/c tibia is more medial of the 2 lower leg bones) |
| Lateral collateral ligament | is also called the FIBULAR collateral ligament b/c fibula is more lateral of the 2 lower leg bones) |
| LATERAL ANKLE LIGAMENTS | On LATERAL side, there are 3: anterior and posterior "talofibular" ligaments (ties ankle to leg), and calcaneofibular ligament (responsible for ROM of ankle) |
| MEDIAL ANKLE LIGAMENT | On MEDIAL side there is only 1 (!!), but it's two layers of three fasciae. MEDIAL COLLATERAL LILGAMENT (aka DELTOID LIGAMENT) |
| Bones of foot (not including metatarsals and phalanges | CUNEIFORMS (lateral, intermediate, medial), Navicular (KD side), Cuboid (UB side), then Calcaneus (stomping bone) and Talus (articulates with ankle) |
| Medial arch of foot | From head of 1st metatarsal to the tuberosity of the calcaneus |
| Lateral arch of foot | From head of the 5th metatarsal to the tuberosity of the calcaneus |
| Transverse arch of foot | From 1st metatarsal to 5th metatarsal |
| Arch formed by 5 bones: calcaneus, talus, navicular, medial cuneiform, metatarsal I (plus 4 ligaments and 4 muscles) | Medial arch |
| Arch formed by 3 bones: calcaneus, cuboid, metatarsal V (plus 3 ligaments and 2 muscles) | Lateral arch |
Created by:
mrbarr
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