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networking E
chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 10Base - T | a physical layer standard. specifies baseband transmission,twisted pair media,and 10-Mbs throughput.Maximum segment length of 100 meters. rely on star topology |
| 10GBase -ER | a physical layer standard. acheiving 10-Gbps data transmission over single mode,fiber optic cable.ER means extended reach.for a star topology.segment length up to 40 kilometers. |
| 10GBase - EW | a variation of the 10GBase-ER standard that is especially encoded to operate over SONET WAN links. |
| 10GBase - LR | a physical layer standard. acheiving 10-Gbps data transmission over single mode,fiber optic cable using wavelengths of 1310 nanometers.LR means long reach.for a star topology.segment length up to 10 kilometers. |
| 10GBASE -LW | a variation of the 10GBase-LR standard that is especially encoded to operate over SONET WAN links. |
| 10GBASE - SR | a physical layer standard. acheiving 10-Gbps transmission over multimode,fiber using wavelengths of 850 nanometers.segment length up to 300 meters,depending on the fiber core diameter and modal bandwith. |
| 10GBASE - T | a physical layer standard. acheiving 10-Gbps data transmission over single twisted pair cable.specifies cat 6 or cat 7 cable. segment length up to 100 meters. |
| 10GBase - SW | a variation of the 10GBase-SR standard that is especially encoded to operate over SONET WAN links. |
| 100Base - T | a physical layer standard. specifies baseband transmission,twisted pair cabling and 100 Mbps throughput.maximum segment length of 100 meters. use star topology.also known as fast ethernet. |
| 100Base - FX | a physical layer standard. specifies baseband transmission,multi mode fiber cabling and 100 Mbps throughput.maximum segment length of 2000 meters.also known as fast ethernet. |
| 100Base - TX | uses two wire pairs in a twisted pair cable,but uses faster signaling to acheive 100-mbps throughput.cabable of full duplex transmission.requires Cat 5 or higher twisted pair media. |
| 1000Base - LX | physical layer standard.specifies 1-Gbps transmission over fiber optic cable using baseband transmission.runs on either single or multimode fiber.LX represents is reliance on long wavelengths of 1300 nanometers;can extend to 5000 meter segment lengths |
| 1000Base - SX | physical layer standard.SX represents its reliance on short wavelengths of 850 nanometers;can use one repeater; maximum segment length is 550 meters;runs on multimode fiber; |
| 1000Base -T | physical layer standard.Uses a different data encoding scheme than that used by other UTP physical layer specifications. acheives higher throughput by using all 4 pairs of wires in a Cat 5 or higher cable to transmit/receive signals |
| 5-4-3 rule | the network can not contain more then five network segments connected by four repeating devices,and no more then three of the segments may be populated. |
| 802.3ab | IEEE standard, describes 1000Base -T , a 1-Gigabit ethernet technology that runs over four pairs of Cat 5 or better cable |
| 802.3ae | IEEE standard. describes 10-Gigabit ethernet technology including 10 GBase - SR ; 10GBase-SW; 10GBase -LR ; 10GBase -LW ; 10GBase -ER; 10GBase -EW |
| 802.3af | IEEE standard. specifies a way of supplying electrical power over ethernet. requires Cat 5 or better UTP or STP cabling and uses power sourcing equipment to supply current over a wire pair to power devices. |
| 802.3an | IEEE standard.describes 10Gbase-T ,a 10 Gbps ethernet technology that runs on Cat 6 or Cat 7 twisted pair cable. |
| 802.3u | IEEE standard. describes Fast Ethernet technologies including 100Base-TX |
| 802.3z | IEEE standard. describes 1000Base (or 1-Gigabit) Ethernet technologies, including 1000Base-LX and 1000Base-Sx. |
| access method | a networks method of controlling how nodes access the communications channel. |
| active topology | a topology in which each workstation participates in transmitting data over the network.on example is a ring topology |
| broadcast domain | logically grouped network nodes that can communicate directly via broadcast domains. |
| bus | the single cable connecting all devices in a bus topology |
| bus topology | a topology in which a single cable connects all nodes on a network without intervening connectivity devices. |
| carrier sense access with collision detection | a network method specified by IEEE 802.3; each node waits its turn before transmitting data to avoid interferring with other nodes transmissons. |
| circuit switching | a type of switching in which a connection is established between two network nodes before thet begin transmitting data;bandwith is dedicated to this connection and remains available until connection terminated. |
| collapsed backbone | backbone that uses a router or switch as the single central connection point for multiple subnetworks. |
| collision | the interference of one nodes data transmission with the data transmission of another node sharing the same segment. |
| collision domain | portion of an ethernet network ikn which collisions could occur if two nodes transmit data at the same time. |
| daisy chain | a group of connectivity devices linked together in a serial fashion |
| data propagation delay | the length of time data takes to travel from one point on the segment to another point. |
| distributed backbone | type of backbone in which a number of connectivity devices (usually hubs) are connected to a series of central connectivity devices,such as hubs,routers,switches. |
| enterprise | an entire organization,including local and remote offices,a mixture of computer systems and a number of departments.enterprise wide computing takes into account the breadth and diversity of a large computers needs. |
| ethernet_II | contains a two byte type field to identify the upper layer protocol contained in the frame.supports TCP/IP and other higher layer protocols. |
| fast ethernet | a type of ethernet network that is capable of 100 Mbps throughput. |
| fault tolerance | the capabiility of a system or computer to keep working despite damage or malfunction. |
| Gigabit ethernet | a type of ethernet network that is capable of 1000 Mbps or 1 Gbps throughput. |
| hybrid topology | a physical topology that combines characteristics of more then one simple physical topology. |
| jamming | a part of CSMA/CD in which upon detecting a collision ,a station issues a special 32 bit sequence to indicate to all nodes on an ethernet segment that its previously transmitted frame has suffered a collisionand should be considered faulty. |
| logical topology | a characteristic of network transmission that reflects the way in which data is transmitted between nodes.most common are bus and ring. |
| message switching | a type of switching in which a connectionis established between two devices in a connection path; one device transfers data to the second device and then breaks connection. |
| mpls multiprotocol label switching | switching allows any one of several layer 2 protocols to carry multiple types of layer 3 protocols.one benefit is the ability to use packet switched technologies over traditionally circuit switch networks. |
| model bandwith | a measure of the highest frequency of signal a multimode fiber optic cable can support over a specific distance. measureed in MHz-km |
| packet switching | a type of switching in which data is broken into packets before it is transported.packets can travel over any network to their destination because each packet contains a destination address and sequencing information. |
| padding | the bytes added to the data (or information) portion of an ethernet frame to ensure this field is at least 46 bytes in size. padding has no effect on the data carried by the frame. |
| parallel backbone | a type of backbone that consists of more then one connection from the cenral router or switch to each network segment. |
| passive topology | a network topology in which each node passively listens for,then accepts, data directed to it.bus topology is an example. |
| powered device PD | on a network uding power over ethernet, a node that receives power from power sourcing equipment. |
| physical topology | physical layout of a network.depicts a network in broad scope;does not specify devices;connectivity methods;or addresses on a network. three basic shapes bus, ring, star. |
| power over ethernet PoE | a method of delivering current to devices using ethernet cables. |
| power sourcing equipment PSE | on a network using power over ethernet, the device that supplies power to end nodes. |
| preamble | the field in an ethernet frame that signals to the receiving node that data is incoming and indicates when the data flow is about to begin. |
| quality of service QoS | the result of specifications for guaranteeing delivery of data within a certain period of time after their transmission. |
| ring topology | a network layer in which each node is connected to the two nearest nodes so that the entire network forms a circle.data is transmitted unidirectionially around the ring. |
| serial backbone | a type of backbone that consists of two or more internetworking devices connected to each other by a single cable in a daisy chain. |
| start of frame delimiter SFD | a 1-byte field that indicates where the data field begins in an ethernet frame. |
| signal bounce | a phenomenon, caused by improper termination on a bus topology network, in which signals travel endlessly between the two ends of the network,preventing new signals from getting through. |
| star topology | a physical topology in which every node on the network is connected through a central device,such as a hub.any single physical wire on a star network connects only two devices, so a cabling problem will only affect two nodes. |
| star-wired bus topology | a hybrid topology in which groups of workstations are connected in a star fashion to hubsthat are networked via a single bus. |
| star-wired ring topology | a hybrid topology that uses the physical layout of a star and the token passing data transmission method. |
| switching | a component of a networks logical topology that manages how packets are filtered and forwarded between nodes on the network. |
| terminator | a resistor that is attached to each end of a bus topology network and that causes the signal to stop rather then reflect back to its source. |
| Thinnet | |
| Thicknet | bus network |
| a disadvantage of bus network | not very fault tolerant;a single defect affects entire system |
| a drawback of ring topology | if one workstation malfunctions the entire network is disabled |
| one reason why bus networks are difficult to troubleshoot | hard to locate where the fault location is |
| star network | single cable connects only two devices,cabling issue at most will affect two nodes. |
| star topology | built with twisted pair or fiber optic cabling and connected thru a central device like a hub,router or switch |
| ring topology | data is transmitted in a clockwise direction,around the ring, |
| example of active topology | ring topology ; all workstations participate in delivery |
| bus topology | as you add more nodes the network performance degrades,because of the single channel limitation |
| bus network | must be grounded at one end to help remove static electricity that could adversely affect the signal |
| star topologies | include a centralized connection point,easily moved,isolated or interconnected with other networks |
| star topologies | scalable,more fault tolerant,most popular LAN layout |
| star wired bus topology | forms the basis for modern ethernet networks,which commonly use switches or routers as the connectivity devices |
| star wired bus | conver longer distances and easily interconnect or isolate different network segments |
Created by:
cgeaski
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