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networking
chapter 1 thru 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ARP | address resolution protocol |
| arp | a core protocol in the TCP/IP suite.belongs in the network layer. |
| arp | obtains the physical (mac) address of a host or node.and then creates a local database that maps the MAC address to the IPs (logical) address. |
| address resource record | a type of dns data record.maps the IP address of an interconnected device to its domain name. |
| anycast address | a type of IPV6 address that represents a group of interfaces,any one of which can accept a transmission. |
| interface | a tool and concept that refers to a point of interaction between components, and is pplicable at the level of both hardware and software. |
| address | a unique number that identifies each device on a network. |
| workstation | computer that makes requests of servers for resources and access to files, data or applications stored on the server, which then grants or denies access to these resources. |
| node | a computer or another device connected to a network.had a unique addres.can send and receive data. |
| network | a group of computers or other devices that are connected and can exchange data. |
| backbone | part of a network to which segments and devices connect.role is to interrconnect smaller parts of a LAN or WAN. |
| segment | part of a network.made up of a group of nodes. |
| client | a computer on the network that requests resources from another computer on the network. |
| server | a computer on the network that managers shared resources.has more power then clients.run operating software... |
| traffic | data transmission and processing taking place over a network. |
| protocol | rules that state how data is transmitted and received between network devices |
| data packet | a discrete unit of information sent from one node to another |
| file services | functions of a file server that allow users to share data files,applications and storage areas |
| file server | server that allows clients to share data over the network. |
| unified communications | centralized management of multiple types of network based communication such as voice video fax and messageing services |
| convergence | use of data networks to carry voice video and other communications service in addition to data. |
| nic | device that enables a workstation to connect to the network and communicate with other computers |
| examples of network operating systems | microsoft windows nt windows 2000 server unix linux novell netware |
| topology | physical layout of computers on a network |
| osi | open systems interconnection model |
| osi | used for understanding and developing computer to communications |
| physical layer | lower or first layer |
| physical layer | generate and detect signals so as to transmit and receive data over a network medium |
| physical layer | protocols set the data transmission rate,monitor data error rates do not data correct |
| presentation layer | sixth layer |
| presentation layer | translate between the application and the network |
| presentation layer | data encryption scrambling passwords |
| session layer | fifth layer |
| session layer | establishes and maintains communication betwwen two nodes on the network. |
| node | workstation.stand alone compjuter |
| transport layer | fourth layer |
| transport layer | ensures data gets from point a to point b reliably and without errors |
| transport layer | services include flow control acknowledgement error correction segmentation reassembly sequencing |
| token | a control frame that indicates to the rest of the network that a particular node,workstatio,has the right to transmit data. |
| segment | a unit of data that results from subdividing a larger protocol data unit |
| protocol data unit | a unit of data at any layer of the OSI model |
| router | a device that connects network segments and directs data based on iformation contained in a data packet |
| synchronization | the packet one node sends to request a connection with another node on a network. |
| syn packet | first step in establishing a connection |
| segmentation | process of decreasing the size of data units when moving data from a network that can handle large data units to a network that can handle only smaller data units. |
| synchronization acknowledgement | syn ack |
| syn ack | second step in establishinga connection |
| syn ack | the packet a node sends to acknowledge to another node that it has received a SYN request for connection. |
| network layer | third layer |
| network layer | translate network addresses into their physical addressses |
| network layer | decides how to route the data from sender to receiver |
| network layer | network addresses are added to data packets and inerpreted |
| logical link layer | subprotocol of data link layer |
| subprotocol of the data link layer | media access control sublayer |
| fragmentation | a network layer service |
| fragmentation | subdivides segements it received from the transport layer into smaller packets |
| frame | a package for data that includes not only raw data or payload but also the senders and receipents addressing and control information |
| data link layer | frames are generated |
| physical layer | frames are issued to the network |
| 802.3 | standard for error and flow control in data frames |
| 802.3 | standard for ethernet networking devices and data handling |
| 802.5 | standard for token ring networking devices and data handling |
| 802.11 | standard for wireless networking |
| 802.16 | standard for broadband wirless MAN |
| ack | acknowledgement |
| ack | third step in establishing a connection |
| ack | response generated at the transport layer |
| ack | confirms to a sender that a frame was received |
| crc | cyclic redundancy check |
| crc | an algorithim used to verify the accuracy of data contained in a data frame |
| data link layer | second layer |
| data link layer | divide the data it received from the network layer into frames that can be transmitted by the physical layer |
| data link layer | bridges the networking media with the network layer |
| checksum | a method of werror checking |
| checksum | determines if the contents of an arriving data unit match the contents of the data unit sent by the source |
| connectionless | transport layer protocol |
| connection oriented | transport layer protocol |
| no verified session and no guarantee of delivery data | connectionless |
| multiplexing | a form of transmission.allows multiple signals to travel at the same time over one medium. |
| full duplex | duplex |
| full duplex | type of transmission where signals can travel in both direction at the same time |
| half duplex | signals can travel in both directions but only one way at a time |
| time division multiplex | assigna a time slot in the flow of communications to every node on the network and in that time slot carries data from that node |
| wavelength division multiplex | each signal on a fiber optic table is assigned a different wavelength .multiple signals can be transmitted in the same direction. |
| transmission | the application or progress of data signals over a medium from one point to another. |
| amplifier | a device that boosts or strengthens an anlaog signal |
| analog | a signal that uses variable voltage to create continuous waves,resulting in an inexact transmission |
| voltage | pressure or strength of an electrical current |
| amplitude | measure of a signals strength |
| attentuation | the extent to which a signal has weakened while traveling over a distance |
| binary | system of 0 and 1 used to encode information |
| bit | a single pulse in the digital encoding system. |
| kilobit | 1000 bits per second |
| gigabit | 1,000,000,000 bits per second |
| megabit | 1,000,000 bits per second |
| terabit | 1,000,000,000,000 bits per second |
| bandwith | difference betwwen the high and low frequencies that a medium can transmit |
| baseband | a form of transmission.digital signals are sent through direct current pulses applied to a wire. |
| broadband | a form of transmission in which signals are modulated as radiofrequency analog pulses with different frequency ranges.multiple frequencies are used over multiple channels to carry data |
| broadcast | a transmission that involves one transmitter and multiple undefined receiver |
Created by:
cgeaski
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