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endocrinology -

endocrinology - Famous glands

QuestionAnswer
what are the types of hormones that produced by hypothalamus ? a)Releasing hormones stimulate the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) to secrete hormones. (5hormones).. b) Release inhibiting hormones prevent the anterior pituitary from secreting hormones. (2hormones)..
name the hypothalamic release inhibiting hormones !! 1- Somatostatin ; 2- Prolactin release inhibiting hormone-PIH( dopamine)
name the hypothalamic releasing hormones !! 1. Thyrotropin releasing hormone-TRH 2. Growth hormone releasing hormone-GHRH 3. Gonadotropin releasing hormone GnRH 4. Corticotropin releasing hormone CRH 5. Prolactin releasing hormone/s( peptides)
Why is the Hypothalamus so Important? 1. Secretes regulatory hormones (RH, RIH) ; 2. "Directs" pituitary
how many hormones are secreted by pituitary gland? 9 hormones ( 7 hormones by the anterior part and 2 hormones by the posterior part).
name anterior pituitary hormones! 1. Growth hormone (GH); 2.Prolactin (PRL); 3.Gonadotropins; 4.Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); 5.Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH); 6.Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH); 7.Endorphins
name posterior pituitary hormones! 1.Oxytocin ; 2.Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
GH Growth hormone(GH):a protein. secreted by anterior pituitary. Secretion regulated by hypothalamic hormones. Stimulates growth and metabolism. Acts directly on tissues or acts via growth factors. (abnormalities: Gigantism,Acromegaly,Hypopituitary dwarfism)
Hypopituitary dwarfism childhood GH deficiency. hypopituitarism during childhood growth inhibition sexual immaturity (decrease sex hormones)
Gigantism excessive GH during development. acidophilic tumor increase GH before adolescence epiphyses not closed; growth to >8ft
Acromegaly excessive GH production during adulthood. enlargement of soft tissue after adolescence, e.g. lower jaw bone
PRL Prolactin (PRL): a protein. secreted by anterior pituitary. this secretion regulated by hypothalamic hormones. Stimulates milk production and secretion from mammary gland.
Gonadotropins Gonadotropins(Gonotropic):glyocoproteins.secreted by anterior pituitary.Secretion regulated by hypothalamic hormones. 1.Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Stimulates production of sperms and ova. 2.Luteinizing hormone (LH). Stimulates ovaries and testes.
TSH Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): a glycoprotein. secreted by anterior pituitary. Secretion regulated by hypothalamic hormones and thyroxine in blood. Stimulates thyroid gland.
ACTH Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): a peptide. secreted by anterior pituitary. Secretion regulated by glucocorticoids and hypothalamic hormones. Stimulates adrenal cortex secretion of glucocorticoids
MSH Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH): a peptide. secreted by anterior pituitary. May play a role in fat metabolism.
Endorphins Endorphins: peptides. secreted by anterior pituitary. Inhibit pain perception. Effects mimicked by heroin and other opiate drugs.
Oxytocin Oxytocin: a peptide. secreted by posterior pituitary. Secretion regulated by the nervous system. Stimulates contraction of the uterus and mammary glands ( lactation).
ADH Antidiuretic hormone (ADH): a peptide. secreted by posterior pituitary. Secretion regulated by water/salt balance. Promotes retention of water by the kidneys (in Kidney tubules). High level decreases urination and vice versa.
Created by: wafaao
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