Question 1

Four main islands

Accepted Answer

1. Honishu
2. Kyushu
3. Hokkaido
4. Shikoku

Question 2

Shinto

Accepted Answer

One of the main religions starting about 500BCE

Question 3

Polytheistic

Accepted Answer

Kami

Question 4

4 Afﬁrmations: Tradition and the family

Accepted Answer

The family is seen as the main mechanism by 
which traditions are preserved. Their main celebrations relate to birth and marriage

Question 5

4 Afﬁrmations: Love of nature

Accepted Answer

Nature is sacred; to be in contact with nature is to be close to the Gods. Natural objects are worshiped as sacred spirits.

Question 6

4 Afﬁrmations: Physical cleanliness

Accepted Answer

Followers of Shinto take baths, wash their hands, and rinse out their mouth often.

Question 7

4 Afﬁrmations: Matsuri

Accepted Answer

The worship and honor given to the Kami and ancestral spirits.

Question 8

Writings: Kojiki

Accepted Answer

Record of Ancient Matters

Question 9

Writings: Rokkokushi

Accepted Answer

Six National Histories

Question 10

Writings: Shoku Nihongi and its Nihon Shoki

Accepted Answer

Continuing Chronicles of Japan

Question 11

Writings: Jinno Shotoki

Accepted Answer

study of Shinto and Japanese politics and history) written in the 14th century

Question 12

Characteristics: Scales with semitones

Accepted Answer

Although the Japanese culture uses pentatonic scales, the use semitones changes the way the tune may sound.

Question 13

Characteristics: Slow Tempos

Accepted Answer

Some of Japanese music may seem so slow at ﬁrst, it may see like a beat in not apparent. The term in Western Culture is called Rubato.

Question 14

Characteristics: Sense of Space

Accepted Answer

There is an apparent space in between notes called ma. It is created in order for the performer and listener to understand the meaning of simplicity and balance.

Question 15

Characteristics: Prominent Classical solo Repertoires

Accepted Answer

The solo repertoire in Japanese music is very important. Each instrument has there own way of learning and has an extensive repertoire to make sure the performer becomes ﬂuent.

Question 16

Japanese modes are called

Accepted Answer

Choshi

Question 17

2 types of Pentatonic Scales

Accepted Answer

1. RYO (123-56-)
2. RITSU (12-456-)

Question 18

GAPS or “-” are called

Accepted Answer

Hennons

Question 19

Instruments: Shamisen

Accepted Answer

Japanese stringed instrument resembling a banjo with a long neck and three strings and a fretted ﬁngerboard and a rectangular body

Question 20

Instruments: Koto (Zither)

Accepted Answer

Musical instrument consisting of a ﬂat wooden sound box with 13 strings stretched across a movable bridge, placed horizontally and played.

Question 21

Instruments: Biwa

Accepted Answer

Japanese short-necked fretted lute, often used in narrative storytelling.(four-string, fretted pear-shaped lute; similar to Chinese pipa)

Question 22

Instruments: Ryuteki

Accepted Answer

Japanese ﬂute used in the gagaku orchestra (transverse bamboo flute)

Question 23

Heian Period: type of Japanese style that evolved

Accepted Answer

Gafaku. [known for ancient court music(performed for nobility & higher class)]

Question 24

Heian Period: composition of music

Accepted Answer

1.Pure Japanese Music
2.Original Foreign Music
3. Music composed in Japan but inﬂuenced by other countries

Question 25

Heian Period: orchestra's 3 groups

Accepted Answer

1. The Winds
2. The Strings
3. Percussion

Question 26

Kumakura Period: Noh

Accepted Answer

Type of music is  highly stylized and symbolic drama, and is usually performed by a few male 
actors and musicians. A main character often wears a mask which ﬁts its role.

Question 27

Kumakura Period: 2 different types of singing

Accepted Answer

1. Kotoba (speech song)
2. Fushi (melodies)

Question 28

Kumakura Period: Instrumental ensemble

Accepted Answer

Hayashi (Small folk ensembles with flutes and drums)

Question 29

Kumakura Period: ensemble consists of

Accepted Answer

Bamboo flutes and 3 small drums

Question 30

Azuchi-Momoyama Period: aerophone recorder or Bamboo ﬂute

Accepted Answer

Shakuhachi (used during the Zen services and became a highly known instrument used for meditation for Buddhist monks)

Question 31

Azuchi-Momoyama Period: fretless long necked lute

Accepted Answer

Shamisen (similar to Chinese sanxian)

Question 32

Azuchi-Momoyama Period: Zither

Accepted Answer

Koto (Part of the gagaku court orchestra; Related to Chinese zheng)

Question 33

Gagaku Orchestra: Hichiriki

Accepted Answer

Double-reeded flute; small cylindrical-bore double reed

Question 34

Gagaku Orchestra: Kakko

Accepted Answer

Small double-headed cylindrical drum;conductor of gagaku orchestra

Question 35

Gagaku Orchestra: Tsuri

Accepted Answer

Large hanging bass drum

Question 36

Folk Music: 2 major musical styles

Accepted Answer

1. Free Rhythm
2. Metric Rhythm

Question 37

Folk Music: former types are sung by one singer and were originally sung when one was packhorse driving

Accepted Answer

Shakuhachi (vertical bamboo flute)

Japan-Music

World Music (SP12)-Japan

Question	Answer
Four main islands	1. Honishu 2. Kyushu 3. Hokkaido 4. Shikoku
Shinto	One of the main religions starting about 500BCE
Polytheistic	Kami
4 Afﬁrmations: Tradition and the family	The family is seen as the main mechanism by which traditions are preserved. Their main celebrations relate to birth and marriage
4 Afﬁrmations: Love of nature	Nature is sacred; to be in contact with nature is to be close to the Gods. Natural objects are worshiped as sacred spirits.
4 Afﬁrmations: Physical cleanliness	Followers of Shinto take baths, wash their hands, and rinse out their mouth often.
4 Afﬁrmations: Matsuri	The worship and honor given to the Kami and ancestral spirits.
Writings: Kojiki	Record of Ancient Matters
Writings: Rokkokushi	Six National Histories
Writings: Shoku Nihongi and its Nihon Shoki	Continuing Chronicles of Japan
Writings: Jinno Shotoki	study of Shinto and Japanese politics and history) written in the 14th century
Characteristics: Scales with semitones	Although the Japanese culture uses pentatonic scales, the use semitones changes the way the tune may sound.
Characteristics: Slow Tempos	Some of Japanese music may seem so slow at ﬁrst, it may see like a beat in not apparent. The term in Western Culture is called Rubato.
Characteristics: Sense of Space	There is an apparent space in between notes called ma. It is created in order for the performer and listener to understand the meaning of simplicity and balance.
Characteristics: Prominent Classical solo Repertoires	The solo repertoire in Japanese music is very important. Each instrument has there own way of learning and has an extensive repertoire to make sure the performer becomes ﬂuent.
Japanese modes are called	Choshi
2 types of Pentatonic Scales	1. RYO (123-56-) 2. RITSU (12-456-)
GAPS or “-” are called	Hennons
Instruments: Shamisen	Japanese stringed instrument resembling a banjo with a long neck and three strings and a fretted ﬁngerboard and a rectangular body
Instruments: Koto (Zither)	Musical instrument consisting of a ﬂat wooden sound box with 13 strings stretched across a movable bridge, placed horizontally and played.
Instruments: Biwa	Japanese short-necked fretted lute, often used in narrative storytelling.(four-string, fretted pear-shaped lute; similar to Chinese pipa)
Instruments: Ryuteki	Japanese ﬂute used in the gagaku orchestra (transverse bamboo flute)
Heian Period: type of Japanese style that evolved	Gafaku. [known for ancient court music(performed for nobility & higher class)]
Heian Period: composition of music	1.Pure Japanese Music 2.Original Foreign Music 3. Music composed in Japan but inﬂuenced by other countries
Heian Period: orchestra's 3 groups	1. The Winds 2. The Strings 3. Percussion
Kumakura Period: Noh	Type of music is highly stylized and symbolic drama, and is usually performed by a few male actors and musicians. A main character often wears a mask which ﬁts its role.
Kumakura Period: 2 different types of singing	1. Kotoba (speech song) 2. Fushi (melodies)
Kumakura Period: Instrumental ensemble	Hayashi (Small folk ensembles with flutes and drums)
Kumakura Period: ensemble consists of	Bamboo flutes and 3 small drums
Azuchi-Momoyama Period: aerophone recorder or Bamboo ﬂute	Shakuhachi (used during the Zen services and became a highly known instrument used for meditation for Buddhist monks)
Azuchi-Momoyama Period: fretless long necked lute	Shamisen (similar to Chinese sanxian)
Azuchi-Momoyama Period: Zither	Koto (Part of the gagaku court orchestra; Related to Chinese zheng)
Gagaku Orchestra: Hichiriki	Double-reeded flute; small cylindrical-bore double reed
Gagaku Orchestra: Kakko	Small double-headed cylindrical drum;conductor of gagaku orchestra
Gagaku Orchestra: Tsuri	Large hanging bass drum
Folk Music: 2 major musical styles	1. Free Rhythm 2. Metric Rhythm
Folk Music: former types are sung by one singer and were originally sung when one was packhorse driving	Shakuhachi (vertical bamboo flute)

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