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Disorders - musculos
Musculoskeletal Disorder - Pathophysiology Class
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the skeletal system provide protection for | Viscera(heart and lungs) Fragile structures (brain and spinal chord) |
| What important metabolic functions do bones have | functions related to calcium metabolism and storage, and to hematopoiesis. |
| What bones have a long hollow shaft with bulbous ends | Long bones, such as the humerus and femur |
| Describe short bones | Short bones are generally square-like in shape and are found in the wrist and angle. |
| Describe Flat bones | Flat bones occur in the skull and are relatively thin and often curved. |
| Describe Irregular bones | Irregular bones have many projections and vary in shape, are found in the vertebrae and mandible. |
| What do the unique markings, which may be lines, ridges, processes, or holes on bones provide for | They provide for the attachment of tendons or passage of nerves and blood vessels. |
| Bones are living connective tissue consisting of what | intracellular matrix and bones cells |
| What is the matrix organized in | microscopic structural units call Haversian systems or osteons |
| What surrounds the haversian canal | rings of matrix(lamelae) |
| What does the haversian canal contain | blood vessels |
| What is the matrix composed of | collagen fibers and calcium phosphate salts |
| What Lies between the rings of matrix (lamellae) that surround the Haversian canal | Mature bones cells or oseocytes in spaces called lacunae |
| What is new bone constantly being produced by | osteoblasts |
| What produces the resorpton of old bone | osteoclast activity |
| What is the job of the osteogenic or bone-producing cells, and the osteoblasts | they synthesize collagen and protein fr the matrix and promote calcification. |
| What are the two types of bone tissue | compact bone cancellous or spongy bone |
| What is compact bone | very strong rigid structure that form the outer covering of bones |
| What is cancellous or spongy bone | forms the interior structure of bones, lacks haversian systems. |
| What is diaphysis | Think shaft, between two larger ends or epiphysis |
| What makes up a diphysis | compact bone |
| What is the metaphysis | The area where the shaft broadens into the epiphysis. |
| What is the epiphysis composed of | spongy bone covered by compact bone |
| What facilitates movement at points of articulation between bones | hyaline cartilage located at the end of each epiphysis |
| when does longitudinal bone growth cease | when the epiphyeal plate ossifies during adolescence or early adulthood |
| Under the influence of what factor will bone change density and thickness at any given time | hormones such as growth hormone, parathyroid hormone, or cotisol |
| Aging accentuates bones loss resulting in what | decreased bone mass and density |
| bone is also covered by periosteum, which is what | fibrous connective tissue |
| What does the periosteum contain | osteoblasts, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics. |
| Waht is the medullary cavity lined with | endosteum |
| At birth what does the medullary cavity contain | red bone marrow in which hematopoiesis takes place, gradually yellow bone marrow replaces red bone marrow |
| In adults where is red bone marrow found | cranium, bodies of the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and ilia |
Created by:
Mickensg
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