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Enzymes
Influences on
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What influences Enzyme Action? | anything that can change the SHAPE or ELECTRIC CHARGE of an Enzyme can alter its activity |
| What are some Modifiers of Enzyme Action? | Heat, pH |
| How can heat modify an Enzymes Actions? | 1. Activation Energy; 2. Denature Enzyme 3-D configuration |
| How can pH modify an Enzymes Actions? | may change Electrical Charge of an Enzyme |
| What are Cofactors? | typically Metals NECESSARY to complete enzyme's Active Site |
| What are some examples of Cofactors? | Mg++, Fe++, Cu++ |
| Will an enzyme work if its Cofactor is not present? | No |
| What are Coenzymes? | TRANSFER Atoms to/from a Substrate |
| What are Coenzymes made of? | Organic NON-Protein molecule -or- Water Soluble Vitamins ( B=Complex, C) |
| Name 4 influences on Ezyme Action? | 1. Modifiers 2. Cofactors 3. Coenzymes 4. Inhibitors |
| What are the types of Inhibitors? | Competitive, NON-Competitive |
| What are 3 characterisitcs of Competitive Inhibitors? | 1. Chemically RESEMBLES Substrate (similar SHAPE); 2. OCCUPIES Active Site of a SPECIFIC Enzyme; 3. usually IRREVERSIBLE |
| Why are Inhibitors produced? | Cells produce Inhibitors - PREVENT Overproduction of certain products - Control Metabolism |
| What are 2 characteristics of NON-Competitive Inhibitors? | 1. NO Chemical Similarity to Substrate; 2. mey be Reversible or Irreversible; 3 |
| What is Feedback Inhibition? | REVERSIBLE:NON-Competitive Inhibitor - attaches to Regulatory Site = TEMPORARILY altering Enzyme shape |
| When are NON-Competitive Inhbitors Irreversible? | attachment to AA subgroups of the Enzyme PERMANENTLY Denaturing the Enzyme - HEAVY METALS |
| What are 2 examples of Irreversible NON-Competitive Inhibitors? | Mercury, Lead |
| What are the 5 Classes of Enzymes? | 1. Hydrolases; 2. Sythases; 3. Dehydrogenases; 4. Phosphatases; 5. Kinases |
| What are 3 examples of Hydrolases? | 1. Pepsin 2. Amylase 3. Lipase |
| What is the function of Hydrolase Enzymes? | breakdown substances tih the ADDITION of WATER Molecules |
| How do Hydrolases breakdown substances? | Proteins --> Polypeptides; Carbohydrates --> Simple Sugars; Fats --> Fatty Acids + Glycerol |
| What is the function of Synthetases? | REMOVE Water to JOIN Molecules together |
| What is the function of Dehydrogenases? | REMOVES Electrons and H+ |
| What is the function of Phosphatases? | REMOVES Phosphate Groups |
| What is the function of Kinases? | ADDS Phosphate Groups |
Created by:
Kristel
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