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Cooney's Lit. Terms
Literary & Poetry Terms to Know for the ELA 7 NYS Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alliteration | Repetition of similar consonant sounds at the beginning of words |
| Allusion | A reference to something with which the reader is likely to be familiar, such as a person |
| Metaphor | A direct comparison between two unlike things. It does not use the words like or as |
| Simile | A comparsion between two unlike things that uses the words like or as |
| Personification | A type of figurative language in which writers give an animal, object, or idea human qualities such as the ability to hear, feel, talk, and make decisions |
| Onomatopoeia | The use of words that sound like the noises they describe |
| Imagery | Language that appeals to the five senses - touch, taste, smell, hearing, and sight |
| Mood | The feeling created |
| Tone | The attitude the writer takes toward the audience, subject, or character |
| Stanza | Groups of lines in a poem |
| Static Character | A character that stays the same throughout a story |
| Dynamic Character | A character that changes from beginning to end |
| Epilogue | A concluding section that rounds out a literary work |
| Prologue | An introduction to a story that occurs before the exposition |
| Hyperbole | An exaggeration or overstatement |
| Flashback | When the main story stops and goes back in time |
| Forshadowing | Hints of events that will come later in the story |
| Antagonist | The person, thing, or force working against the main character |
| Protagonist | The main character of a story |
| Author's Purpose | The author's reason for creating a work. The purpose may be to explain or inform, entertain, or persuade. |
| Character | A person, animal, or imaginary creature that takes part in the action of a story |
| Dialogue | The words spoken by characters in a story |
| Dialect | A form of language spoken in a particular place or by a partciular group of people |
| Genre | The category or type of literature |
| Mood | The feeling that a literary work gives to a reader |
| Plot | The sequence of events in a story |
| Exposition | The first part of a story that establishes the setting, introduces characters, and gives background information |
| Rising Action | The series of conflicts or struggles that build a story or a play toward a climax |
| Climax | The high point, or turning point, of a story |
| Falling Action | The action that works out the result of the climax |
| Resolution | The ending of a story |
| Person vs. Person Conflict | Problem with another character |
| Person vs. Society Conflict | Problem with the laws or beliefs of a group of people |
| Person vs. Nature Conflict | Problem with the environment |
| Person vs. Self Conflict | When a character has a problem deciding what to do or think |
| Person vs. Fate Conflict | Problem that seems to be uncontrolable |
| Point of View | The perspective, or vantage point, from which an author presents a story |
| First-Person Point of View | The story is told by one of the characters, the author uses I |
| Second-Person Point of View | Primarily used for the purpose or giving directions of instructions, the author uses you to speak to the reader |
| Third-Person Limited Point of View | When the narrator is telling events from outside the story and can see into the heart and mind of one of the characters |
| Third-Person Omniscient Point of View | When the narrator is telling events from outside the story and can see into the heats and minds of ALL of the characters |
| Setting | The time and place of a story |
| Style | The way the authors uses words, phrases, and sentences to express him or herself |
| Symbol | A person, place, thing, or event used to represent something else |
| Theme | The statement about life that the author wants to convey to the reader |
| Synonyms | Words that have similar meanings |
| Antonyms | Words that have different meanings |
| Homonyms | Words that sound and look similar, but have different meanings |
| Prefixes | Word parts added to the beginning of root words to create new meanings |
| Suffixes | Word parts added to the ends of words to tell the part of speech and verb tense |
| Root Words | Base words to which prefixes and suffixes are added to create new meaning |
| Noun | Person, place, thing, or idea |
| Verb | Action word |
| Adjective | Describes a noun |
| Adverb | Describes a verb or adjective |
| Preposition | Shows the loctaion and replationship between nouns |
| Pronoun | Takes the place of a noun |
| Interjection | Shows strong feeling |
| Conjunction | Joins words or groups of words in a sentence |
Created by:
Christina.cooney
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