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Infection Control
pre-clinic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1equipment instruments sterilization 2prevent cross contamination 3protect patient's health and health of co-worker | |
| Identify 3 goals of an infection control program | 1protect patient 2protect dental team 3 eliminate cross contamination |
| 6 elements of infectious process | 1infectious agent 2 reservoir 3 mode of escape 4mode of transmission 5mode of entry 6 host susceptibility |
| identify 4 factors influencing infection development | 1# of organism 2 virulence of organisms 3host immune status 4general physical health of host |
| identify 4 factors that alter patients normal defenses | 1abnormal physical conditions 2systemic disease 3drug therapy 4prosthesis |
| 3 responsibility of DHCW | 1prevent cross contamination 2 provide sterile instruments for patient care 3 protect patient's health and health of co-worker |
| 3 causative or infectious agents | 1viruses 2 bacteria 3 fungi |
| 4 examples of reservoirs | people, equipment, instruments, water biofilm |
| 5modes of escape or port of exit | blood, saliva, bodily secretions, sneezing and coughing, speaking |
| 6 modes of transmission | direct, indirect, airborne, autogenous, waterborne (biofilm), dust-borne |
| 5 mode of entry | broken skin, mucous membrane, eyes, respiratory tract, GI tract |
| 3 ways to decrease susceptibitly for acquiring infection | 1ability to resist infection 2primary barrier-intact skin & mucous membrane 3immunity-natural or acquired |
| ex of 3types dust-borne organisms | tetanus bacillus, staph aureus, enteric bacteria |
| how do infectious microorganisms reach dust from patients? | by way of large airborrne particles |
| how can dust-borne organisms cross contaminate? | by getting on instruments and hands of dental personnel |
| how do we control contamination from dust-borne particles? | surface disinfection |
| how are airborne particles classified by size? | as aerosols or spatter |
| define aerosols | biologic contaminants that occur in solid or liquid form, are invisible, and remain suspended in air for long periods |
| what is the size of aerosol/ spatter? | aerosols less that 50micrometers /spatter greater than 50 |
| how is spatter noticably different from aerosols? | it may be visible, particularly after it has landed on skin, hair, clothing, or environmental surfaces where gross contamination can result |
| where do spatter and aerosols originate? | during breathing, speaking, coughing, sneezing |
| 8 ways to interrupt the chain of infection | 1preprocedural rinse 2antimicrobial agents 3hand washing 4PPE of DHCW 5self contained water 6disposable equipment 7sterilization of instruments 8 patient hx |
| define standard (universal) precautions | treat all bodily fluids as if they were infected to protect DHCP and their patients from pathogens from contact with blood, all bodily fluids,nonintact skin, mucous membranes |
| define PPE | clothing or equipment worn by employee to protect against hazard |
| what actions do we perform that increase the proportions of aerosols | air spray, air-water spray, handpiece activity, ultrasonic scaling |
| what can we employ chairside to interrupt transmission of airborne infection chairside? | use rubber dam, HVAC, manual instrumentation as much as possible |
| name some of the common pathogens that may be transmitted by way of the oral cavity | HBV, HCV, HIV, chickenpox, cold, mono, flu, TB, candidiasis, herpes, strep, staph, gonorrhea, syphillis, measles, mumps, pneumonia |
| 3 types of host immunity | natural (born with), active (live innoculation), passive(dead virus) |
| other recommendations for preventing transmission of disease x4 | restricting employees duties during times of illness, reviewing pt health hx, intra & extra oral exam, pre-procedure rinse |
Created by:
ShellyA&P
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