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Ch 6 Form. Assess.
Review of communication disorder vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Speech | Oral expression of language |
| Speech Disorder | Characterized by difficulty producing sounds as well as disorders of voice quality |
| Language Disorder | Characterized by difficulty receiving, understanding or formulating ideas and information |
| Receptive Language Disorder | Characterized by difficulty receiving or understanding information |
| Expressive Language Disorder | Characterized by difficulty forming ideas and information |
| Cleft Palate | Condition that causes a split in the upper part of oral cavity or lip |
| Dialect | language variation that a group of individuals uses; reflects shared regional, social or ethnic factors |
| Language | Structured, shared, rule-governed symbolic system for communicating |
| Phonology | Use of sounds to make meaningful syllables and words |
| Phonemes | Individual speech sounds |
| Morphology | System that governs the structure of words |
| Morpheme | Smallest meaningful unit of speech |
| Syntax | Rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences |
| Semantics | Meaning of what is expressed |
| Pragmatics | Use of communication in contexts |
| Social Interaction Theories | Emphasize that communication skills are learned through social interactions |
| Articulation | Speaker's production of individual or sequenced sounds |
| Substitutions | Articulation error that substitutes one letter for another (Ex: /d/ for /th/) |
| Omissions | Articulation error that leaves a phoneme out of a word |
| Additions | Articulation error when students place a vowel between two constants (Ex: tree into tahree) |
| Distortions | Articulation error that modifies the production of a phoneme, Ex: lisps |
| Apraxia | Motor speech disorder that affects the way a student plans to produce speech |
| Pitch | Affected by the tension and size of the vocal folds, the health of the larynx, and the location of the larynx |
| Duration | Length of time any speech sound requires |
| Intensity | Loudness or softness; based on perception of the listener; determined by the air pressure coming from the lungs through the vocal folds |
| Resonance | Perceived quality of someone's voice; determined by the way in which the tone coming from the vocal folds is modified by the spaces of the throat |
| Hypernasality | Air is allowed to pass through the naval cavity on sounds other than m, n, and ng |
| Hyponasality | Air cannot pass through the nose and passes through the mouth instead; sounds like the student has a cold |
| Fluency | Rate and rhythm of speaking |
| Specific Language Impairment | Impairment not related to any physical or intellectual disability |
| Organic Disorders | Caused by an identifiable problem in the neuromuscular mechanism of the person |
| Functional Disorders | No identifiable organic or neurological cause |
| Congenital Disorder | Occurs at or before birth |
| Acquired Disorder | Occurs well after birth |
| Oral Motor Exam | Examination of the appearance, strength and range of motion of the lips, tongue, palate, teeth and jaw |
| Bilingual | Uses 2 languages equally well |
| Bidialectal | Uses two variations of a language |
| System for Augmenting Language (SAL) | Instructional strategy that focuses on augmented input of language; communication partners augment their speech by activating the student's communication device |
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