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Phys3 Exercise train

QuestionAnswer
How do women compare to men in exercise performance? 1.VO2 12% lower. 2.Dec muscle mass. 3.Inc body fat. 4.Dec Hb levels. 5.Inc Flexibility. **b/c they are smaller and have less muscle mass
What is required for women to achieve the same power output as men? Working at a higher % of VO2max.
Do women respond to exercise training the same way & extent as men? YES. **Physiologically they adapt the same
When training for a specific event/sport, what energy systems should be targeted during training? those being STRESSED during Performance.
Although they have the same % of Fast twitch fibers, how does the fiber size of a weight lifter compare to those of a non-trained individual? They will be 2X the size b/c the weight lifter is stressing the ATP-PC system in those TypeIIb FT fibers.
muscle adaptations: Would a weight lifter or an endurance trainer have a higher capillary to fiber ratio? Edurance trainer! they are changing the BF CV delivery and aren't creating the large hypertrophy in muscle fibers b/c they are training the glcolysis and fat oxidation systems
Muscle adaptations: What determines the fiber type? rate of stimulation determines a fast twitch or slow twitch. Fibers themselves can adapt to either type.
Muscle adaptations: What will happen to a fiber that is continuously recruited? it will become hypertrophied.
Biochemical adaptations: what type of enzymes would you see increased in those training their ATP-PC systems for strength & power? 1.Myosin ATPase. 2.Myokinase. 3.Creatine Phosphokinase. **these are uncahnged in an aerobic trainer
Biochemical changes: what type of enzymes would you see increased in those doing aerobic training for endurance? 1.Citrate synthase (CS, used in Krebs cycle). 2.Cytochrome Oxidase. 3.3-HAD (used in fat ox). **there is also a large increase in mitochondrial vol & glycogen.
Biochemical changes: how will cytocrhome C and citrate synthase levels differ in a sedentary Vs. Trained person? They double in all muscle fiber types. **except the heart, it is already the optimum level.
Biochemical changes: How does O2 uptake and P:O ratio differ in a sedentary Vs. trained person? O2 uptake will DOUBLE in the trained person. P:O ratio doesnt change b/c the body cant alter that. **will also see 50% Inc in Pyruvate+malate oxidation, succinate+rotenone oxidation,and Ascorbate.
What would happen if the P:O ratio was decreased? WEIGHT LOSS.
Hormonal changes: Glucagons response to exercise Plasma glucagon decreases or becomes blunted.
Hormonal changes: Insulin response to exercise 1.Inc Plasma insulin. 2.Inc Insulin Sensitivity (INC in insulin receptors on the membrane & glucose transporters). **perscribe exercise with diabetes.
Physiological changes: sedentary Vs Trained: Max HR? Max HR: 0% change.
Health benefits of exercise training 1.Dec body wgt. 2.Inc MET. 3.Inc bone density. 4.Inc immunity. 5.Dec BL lipids. 6.Alleviated depression. 7.Dec BP. 8.Dec cancer risk.
Pysiological changes b/w sedentary Vs Trained: RHR? RHR: 40-100% change.
Pysiological changes b/w sedentary Vs Trained: Max SV? Max SV: 50% change.
Pysiological changes b/w sedentary Vs Trained: Max CO? Max CO: 50-100% change.
Pysiological changes b/w sedentary Vs Trained: O2 extraction O2 extraction: 10% change.
Pysiological changes b/w sedentary Vs Trained: VO2max VO2max: 100% change.
Pysiological changes b/w sedentary Vs Trained: BV BV: 20-75% change.
Pysiological changes b/w sedentary Vs Trained: Lactate threshold Lactate threshold: 30-60% change.
Created by: WeeG
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