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Phys2 Cardiac cycle

QuestionAnswer
What are the 3 parts of Ventricular Systole? 1.Isovolumetric contraction. 2.Rapid Ejection. 3.Reduced Ejection. **All of this is occuring during Phase 2 of the ventricular AP.
What are 4 parts of ventricular Diastole? 1.Isovolumetric relaxation. 2.Rapid ventricular filling. 3.Reduced ventricular filling. 4.Atrial Systole (Pwave).
What determines whether or not a heart valve is open or closed? PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL
What are the 5 main stages of the cardiac cycle? 1A:Rapid inflow & diastasis. 1B:Atrial systole (P-R interval). 2:Isovolumetric contraction (QRS). 3:Rapid ejection. 4:Isovolumetric relaxation.
what wave represents Atrial systole (phase 1b of cardiac cycle)? how long does it take? does it contribute to the LV volume? represented by the A Wave, it takes ~0.15sec and does NOT change LV volume much (only 10-15ml). LV filling is PASSIVE
What valves open/close during atrial systole (phase 1b of cardiac cycle)? what is happening to the MAP? NO VALVE CHANGE!! the MAP is falling down closer to 80mmHg.
Isovolumetric contraction (phase 2 of cardiac cycle) 1.Valves: Mitral valve closes (initiates). 2.Pressure:rises from 15 to 80mmHg. 3.Volume:No change (EDV, flatline MAX on graph). 4.Sounds:S1 (mitral valve closing). 5.Atrial wave:C wave (mitral valve push into atria). 6.Time:0.05sec. 7.ECG:end of QRS
Rapid & Reduced Ejection (phase 3 of cardiac cycle) 1.Valve:Aortic semilunar opens (initiates). 2.Pressure:rises to PEAK systolic and then declines to 100mmHg. 3.Volume:Decreases from EDV down to ESV. 4.Sounds:none. 5.Atrial wave:V wave (atrial filling). 6.Time:0.3s. 7.ECG:S-T segment.
is PEAK systolic pressure at the end or the middle of the ejection phase (3)? MIDDLE
When is the majority of the BL volume pumped out of the LV? Half way through the Ejection phase (3)
Isovolumetric relaxation (phase 4 of cardiac cycle) 1.Valves:Aortic semilunar closes (mitral valve remains closed). 2.Pressure:Drops from 100 to 0mmHg. 3.Volume:No change (ESV, flatline MINIMUM). 4.Sounds:S2 (aortic closes). 5.Atrial wave:none. 6.Time:0.08s. 7.ECG:T wave
When does Isovolumetric relaxation (phase 4) and passive ventricular filling (phase 1a) begin? when the Mitral valve OPENS (due to LV and LA pressure becoming equal)
What does the Dicrotic notch represent? how does MAP remain above 80mmHg? The SLAMMING SHUT of the aortic semilunar valve. The elastic energy absorbed by the smooth muscle artery stretch during PEAK systolic pressure is used to maintain pressure
Passive ventricular filling (phase 1a of cardiac cycle) 1.Valves:mitral valve opens (initiates). 2.Pressure:minimal changes. 3.Volume:Rises from ESV almost to EDV. 4.Sounds:S3. 5.Atrial wave: none. 6.Time:0.5s. 7.T-P segment.
How are the pressure changes in the R heart compared to the L heart? Qualitatively similar but Quantatatively less: 1.RV:LV (25/4:120/9). 2.Pulmonary Arteries:Aorta (25/10:120/80).
Do the phases of the cardiac cycle decrease equally as HR increases? NO. Low HR (60bpm): Diastole is 2X longer. High HR (180bpm): Diastole is 1/2 systole (which will decrease EDV)
Average time spent in ventricular systole? (phases 2&3) 0.35 seconds. (0.3sec is phase 3)
Average time spent in ventricular diastole? (phases 1a&1b&4) 0.73 seconds (0.5sec is phase 1a)
Created by: WeeG
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