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Where are DNA and RNA located in a eukaryotic cell?
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How many strands does DNA have? RNA have?
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RNA, Protein Synthes

QUIZ BIO PAP TAG - RNA Function, Structure, Protein Synthesis

QuestionAnswer
Where are DNA and RNA located in a eukaryotic cell? DNA-nucleus RNA-pretty much anywhere depending on type of RNA
How many strands does DNA have? RNA have? DNA- double strand. RNA- single strand
Name the sugar in DNA vs. RNA DNA- deoxyribose RNA- ribose
Name the type of nucleotides in DNA vs. RNA DNA - deoxyribose nucleotide RNA - ribose nucleotide
Name the 4 bases DNA - A, G, C, T RNA - A, G, C, U
The 3 types of RNA are: 1. messenger, 2. ribosomal, 3. transfer. All are made by the process of transcription
What is the function of messenger RNA carries genetic info from nucleus to cytoplasm. Messenger carries the 'blueprint'
What is the function of transfer RNA? brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
What is the function of ribosomal RNA guides the translation of mRNA into a protein. Interacts with mRNA in translation
What is the structure of messenger RNA linear
What is the structure of ribosomal RNA globular, highly folded quate
What is the structure of transfer RNA highly folded tertiary structure
DNA is the code that tells your cells which___________ to make protein
Code is the sequence of the _____________ within a gene nitrogenous base
A gene is a sequence of ________ that codes for a particular ___________ DNA, particular protein
Genes code for _________ kinds of proteins. Some are proteins that _____________ expression of other genes different regulate
Proteins are made of _______________ therefore, code tells cell which amino acids to link together. By what process? amino acid translation
Function of protein collagen and elastin in tendons and ligaments support
Function of protein hemoglobin transport. binds red blood cells to oxygen
Function of hormone like insulin regulation
Function of actin and myosin in muscle contraction movement
Function of antibodies secreted by special white blood cells known as _________ cells defense
Function of catalysts such as catalase, proteases, lipases, many others act as enzymes
Function of ______ to store amino acids such as casein does in mammal's milk storage
Proteins also determine your __________ or physical appearance phenotype
All 3 types of RNA are made by the process of _______________ by an enzyme known as ____________ transcription, RNA polymerase.
DNA is the template for making RNA by assembling a sequence of RNA ___________ called ______________ nucleotides called ribonucles.(question if ribonucles is correct)
In eukaryotic cells, making RNA is conducted in the _____________nucleus mostly by an enzyme known as ______________ nucleus, RNA polymerase
RNA that is synthesized in the nucleus then goes to the _________ where it performs its function cytoplasm
If it is m-RNA that is made, it is then ____________ by _____________. translated by ribosomal subunits
If it is rRNA that is made, it is then ___________ by ____________________
If it is tRNA that is made, it is then _______________ by ______________
In prokaryotic cells, making RNA is conducted in the ________ and ______________ follows in the same location. cytoplasm and translation
In prokaryotic cells, DNA is __________ and RNA is _____________ taken to the job site master plan, blueprint
Translation. Making of a ___________ (or __________) polypeptide (or protein)
mRNA is read by ____________ in the translation function ribosome
In translation, as code is translated, the correct _________ ____________ are put together to make a protein. Involves __________, ____________ and _____________ (that contain rRNA and various enzymes amino acids , mRNA, tRNA and ribosomes
Specifics of Transcription _________ binds to DNA at a site known as a promoter (have specific base sequences). DNA is _________ and separated. One of the two strands is used as the ___________ or pattern for making mRNA. Known as the ___________ strand. RNA polymerase, unwound, template, sense
More Specifics of Transcription in Eukaryotic Cells: RNA polymerase assembles______________ into an RNA strand. Any form of RNA is made this way. Mostly use this description for mRNA. The resulting mRNA is known as the primary transcript ribonucleotides
Protein synthesis takes place ON the ______________ in the cell. ribosomes
Ribosomes are made of protein and another type of RNA called ___________ RNA ribosomal
About 80% of the RNA in a cell is _______ RNA ribosomal
Each amino acid that will be used in making a protein is attached to a type of RNA called _________ RNA transfer
Number of amino acids is 20
Ihn mRNA a triplet is called a codon. In tRNA a triplet is called an anticodon
The transcription enyem that joins RNA nucleotides together is RNA polymerase
What is the difference in RNA polymerase in Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes prokaryotes only have one type of RNA polymerase. Eukaryotes have 3 RNA polymerases in their nuclei. Each is responsible for making different types of RNA
In eukaryotes, protein synthesis takes place in the nucleus, however mRNA, tRNA and rRNA are bult in the nucleus
A special part of the nucleus, the _________,is where rRNA is synthesized nucleolus
The ____________ is where rRNA and as many as 70 proteins are assembled into ribosomal subunits. nucleolus
Durng protein synthesis, two ______ ______ bind to each other an an mRNA to form an intact ribosomal subunits, ribosome
As RNA polymerase moves along a gene, it partially unzips the DNA _____ _______ double helix
Transcription takes place in 3 stages __________, ______________ and ____________ initiation, elongation and termination
More specifics of transcription in Eukaryotic cells: RNA processing. Sequences of ____________ that do not code for part of a particular protein may be found within the primary transcript of mRNA. Known as _______ or intervening sequences nucleotide, intron
Sequences of nucleotides that are to be ___________ to make a particular protein are also present within the primary transcript of mRNA Known as ___________ or expressed sequences expressed, exons
____________ get cut out of the primary transcript and the remaining ________ get spliced together to make the final transcript Intron, exons
Specifics of TRANSLATION After editing, the mRNA travels to the ______________ (in eukaryotic cells) First, a _____ ______ _____bonds to the mRNA and reads the first ______(first 3 nucleotides) The first 3 nucleotides are also known as the ______ codon small ribosomal subunit, codon, start
In RNA TRanslation, a _________ with an anti-codon to match the codon, is loaded with the ____ _____ specified by the mRNA. The tRNA travels to the _____ and joins the large ribosomal subunit at the __ site of the ribosome tRNA, amino acid, mRNA, P
in RNA Translation.... A fully functioning ribosome 'reads the next ______ and the second tRNA delivers the second amino acid coded for by the ____ on the mRNA to the ___ site of the ribosome codon, 2nd codon, A
RNA Transcription: As the full function ribosome reads the next codon,the 1st amino acid and the 2nd amino acid in the growing amino acid chain are linked together by _____ ____ (a ___(covalent) bond forms between them)and the 1st tRNA ___ the ribosome dehydration synthesis, peptide, exits,
RNA Translation The 2nd tRNA ______________ (carrying the growing polypeptide chain) to the P site and the next codon is translated translocates
RNA Translation The ribosome continues to 'translate' the mRNA until a _____ codon is reached. Stop codons may be ___, ___ or ___ stop UAA, UAG, or UGA
RNA Translation: Lastly, the __________ is released and the ribosomal subunits fall away from the mRNA. If more of this gene product (this protein) is not needed, the RNA is ______. The polypeptide chain then folds up and becomes a functioning _____. polypeptide, degraded, protein
List 8 important functions of proteins 1. support (collagen and elastin) 2. transport (the protein gates, pumps,channels in cell membrane, hemoglobin transport of O2) 3. regulation (hormones insulin) 4. movement (actin and myosin in muscles) 5.defense-amtibodies 6.enzymes 7storage 8.ph
The smallest size for a code word in DNA is ___ nucleotides. This code is copied or transcribed into mRNA. The 3 resulting n ucleotides on MRNA form a __________ which specifies a particular _____ ______. 3,codon, amino acid
What is the 3 letter 'word' for the 'start' codon? UAC
What are the 3 STOP codons? UAA, UAG, UGA
Translation is the process in which the _____ RNA code is read and converted to a specific amino acid sequence in a protein chain. messenger
Protein synthesis involves DNA, mRNA, ________, ________, and _____ ________. tRNA, rRNA and amino acids.
Ho many bases are exposed on a molecule of tRNA? _______ These are complementary to the bases on _________. Whereas, the three mRNA bases are called a codon, the three tRNA bases are call an ________ 3, mRNA, anticodon
Each tRNA attaches to a specific ______ and carries it to the ___________. As the codon and __________ bind together, the amino acids join forming a __________ bond. amino acid, ribosome, anticodon, peptide
All three types of RNA are formed by ____ _________ in the nucleus during the process of ___________; yet each leves the nucleus going in different directions. They do however, reunite in the _________ where _________ synthesis occurs. RNA polymerase, transcription, ribosomes, protein
Transfer RNA has 2 sites of attachmednt: one for ______ ________ and the other for _____ ______. mRNA codons , amino acids
If the codon on an mRNA molecuile reads AUC, what would the tRNA anticodon read? UAG
What would have been the original sequence of bases in the DNA molecule if a mRNA codon was AUC? TAG
Describe the steps used in the DNA extraction and spooling lab. What was the function of each water, woolite, papain and alcohol in the lab. Extract DNA from calf thymus. Cells blended with water in blender and 20ml woolite added. 3G of meat tenderizer added. 5ml ethonol poured down side so layered on top. Stick inserted. Precipitate of DNA forms. Spool it slowly.
What is the purpose of the woolite in the experiment? dissolve fatty or lipid components
What is the purpose of meat tenderizer (papain) in the experiment? break protein chains using the enzyme papain
What is the purpose of alcohol in the extraction. wash away the monosaccharides, lipid fragments and amino acids from the proteins without dissolving the DNA.
What is the purpose of step 1, adding the water to the thymus cell mixture? The carbohydrates are separated by adding water to the thymus cell mixture. The hydrolysis of the carbohydrates breaks them down in to monosaccharides which are washed away in the later step by adding the ethanol.
Created by: stinglasher23
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