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ISSA CFT: Unit 1

International Sports Sciences Association at www.issaonline.com (8th edition)

QuestionAnswer
Training effect An increase in functional capacity of muscles and other bodily tissues as a result of increased stress (overload) placed upon them.
Homeostastis The automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment
Metabolism The chemical processes occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life. Some substances are broken down to yield energy for vital processes while other substances necessary for life are synthesized.
Anabolism The building up in the body of complex chemical compounds from simpler compounds (e.g.
Catabolism The breaking down in the body of complex chemical compounds into simpler ones (e.g.
Metabolic Set Point The base rate of metabolism that your body seeks to maintain; results in your basal metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate The minimum energy required to maintain the body’s life function at rest. Usually expressed in calories per hour per square meter of the body surface
Kilocalories The amount of energy released when food is digested.
Calorie A unit of heat.
Thermogenic effect The heat liberated from a particular food is thus a measure not only of its energy content but also of its tendency to be burned as heat.
Respiratory quotient (RQ) A method of determining the “fuel mix” being used giving us a way to measure the relative amounts of fats carbohydrates and proteins being burned for energy. The formula for calculating RQ is: RQ = volume of CO2 expired ÷ volume of O2 utilized
ATP/CP pathway ATP and CP provide anaerobic sources of phosphate-bond energy. The energy liberated from hydrolysis (splitting) of CP re-bonds ADP and Pi to form ATP.
Glycolic pathway Glucose is broken down to produce energy anaerobically.
Oxidative pathway Oxygen combines with lactic acid resynthesizing glycogen to produce energy aerobically.
Pyruvat A byproduct of glycolysis.
Beta oxidation A series of reactions in which fatty acids are broken down.
Krebs cycle Citric acid cycle; a set of 8 reactions arranged in a cycle in which free energy is recovered in the form of ATP.
Electron transport The passing of electrons over a membrane aiding in a reaction to recover free energy for the synthesis of ATP.
Created by: 617533074
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