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Civics Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where did the concept of citizenship begin? | ancient Rome and Greece |
| When U.S. citizens elect members of Congress, they are practicing.. | Representative Democracy |
| In a ________________ all citizens met to debate government matters and vote first hand. Example: Town Meeting | Direct Democracy |
| People become citizens either by birth or _______________________ which is a legal process were foreigners can become citizens. | Naturalization |
| Whose children would not automatically become U.S. citizens if born on American soil, but would be citizens of their parents home country only? | Foreign Diplomats |
| Which government job could never be held by a naturalized citizen? | President |
| Which document did England’s King John sign in 1215 granting landowners equal treatment under the law and trial by jury? | Magna Carta |
| Which region used the plantation system for farming, relying on slave labor? | Southern |
| Which region depended on shipbuilding, fishing, and whaling for their economy? | New England |
| What was the name for the route taken by slaves from Africa to North America? | Middle Passage |
| What government, created by the Jamestown colonists marked the beginning of self-government in the American colonies? | House of Burgesses |
| Which conflict created the debt that American colonists were expected to repay to Great Britain during the 1760s? | French and Indian |
| What were the first battles of the Revolutionary War, known as the “shot heard ‘round the world”? | Lexington and Concord |
| Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
| Which English philosopher’s ideas about social contract theory and natural rights were used in the Declaration of Independence? | John Locke |
| What became the slogan of the colonists in response to the unfair Stamp Act. Colonists believed they should not be subject to taxes from a government in which they had no voice. | "No Taxation Without Representation" |
| Who published Common Sense, a pamphlet calling for complete independence from Great Britain? | Thomas Paine |
| Which event led to the passage of the Coercive or Intolerable Acts, which restricted the colonists’ civil rights? | Boston Tea Party |
| Which farmer’s rebellion showed that we needed a stronger government than the one established by the Articles of Confederation? | Shay's Rebellion |
| Why did delegates to the Constitutional Convention originally meet? | to revise the Articles of Confederation |
| Who was known as the “Father of the Constitution”? He created the Virginia Plan and was a main writer of the Federalist Papers? | James Madison |
| Who were supporters of the Constitution that wanted a strong central government? | Federalists |
| The Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution because it did not include a.... | bill of rights |
| The Constitution would go into effect when __________ out of the original 13 states ratified it. | nine |
| What is needed for ratification of an amendment? | approval of 3/4 of state legislatures |
| Which proposed plan was similar to the Articles of Confederation, calling for a unicameral Congress with equal representation? | New Jersey Plan |
| powers of the national/federal government like declaring war | Expressed Powers |
| powers shared between the state and national/federal government like taxation | Concurrent Powers |
| powers of the state government like regulating prisons | Reserved Powers |
| The Necessary and Proper Clause allows Congress to stretch its powers to exercise... | Implied Powers |
| A population count taken every ten years. Using this information Congress will adjust the number of seats each state has in the House. | Census |
| An oddly shaped district designed to increase one group’s voting strength. | Gerrymander |
| Who would assume the presidency if both the president and vice president died? | Speaker |
| Congressional members right to send job-related mail without paying postage. | Franking Privilege |
| government projects that primarily benefit a Congress member’s home state | Pork-Barrel Project |
| completely unrelated amendments to a bill | rider |
| A filibuster is ended when three-fifths of the members vote for _____________, allowing no one to speak for more than one hour. | cloture |
| A president can kill legislation by doing nothing for 10 days while Congress is not in a session. | pocket veto |
| What system is used to elect the president and vice president? | Electoral College |
| How do we determine each state’s number of electors? | number of Senators and Representatives |
| Who chooses the president if no candidate receives a majority of the electoral votes (270)? | House |
| Who is the only president to serve more than two terms in office? | Franklin Roosevelt |
| Who is the official leader of the Senate and votes in case of a tie? | Vice President |
| Who must approve presidential treaties and appointments to high-ranking positions? | Senate |
| The most important job of the president is to carry out the the nation’s laws as... | Chief Executive |
| Who has power to declare war? | Congress |
| An official representative of a country’s government. The U.S. will send them to another country only if the government of that country holds power legally. | Ambassador |
| an agreement among a group of nations that prohibits them from trading with a target nation | Embargo |
| a group of presidential advisers that include the heads of 15 top-level executive departments | Cabinet |
| What was the last cabinet office added in 2002 in response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks? | Department of Homeland Security |
| List the three levels of federal courts. | District, Appeals & Supreme |
| In which types of court do federal trials and lawsuits usually begin? The only federal court to use a trial by jury. | District |
| A ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case. | Precedent |
| How long do Supreme Court justices serve? | life terms |
| An appeals court can uphold the original decision; reverse the decision or _____________ the case, by sending it back to the lower court to be retried. | remand |
| Which Supreme Court decision established the principle of judicial review? | Marbury v. Madison |
| The U.S. has a ______________ system of government. | two-party |
| In which type of election do voters choose a party’s candidates for the general election? | primary |
| a series of statements expressing the party’s principles, beliefs; the most reliable source of information for learning about the views of a political party | platform |
| What is the name of N.C. state legislature? | General Assembly |
| Who chooses N.C. justices and judges? | Voters |
| What does the lottery fund? | Education |
| Who does the governor control in his commander-in-chief role? | National Guard |
| Which court hears death penalty appeals in N.C.? | Supreme |
| Serious crimes and civil cases involving more than $10,000 are heard in which N.C. court? | Superior |
| What was the first known system of written law? | Code of Hammurabi |
| serious crimes like murder, rape, or kidnapping | felonies |
| less serious crimes like littering | misdemeanors |
| A person accused of a crime and found not guilty may not be tried for the same crime a second time. | double jeopardy |
| Juveniles receive many of the same rights as adults, EXCEPT.. | no trial by jury |
| What is the main goal of the juvenile justice system? | rehabilitation |
| What are the qualification required by the Constitution for becoming president of the United States? | at least 35, resident of U.S. for 14yrs, and a native born citizen |
| Which Supreme Court case requires police officers to read suspects their rights when they are arrested? | Miranda v. Arizonia |
| Which Supreme Court case guarantees suspects a right to a court appointed lawyer in criminal cases? | Gideon v. Wainwright |
| Under which economic system would the factors of production most likely be owned by the government? | Command Economy |
| Which economic system would describe the United States? | Mixed Economy |
| Expenses that remain the same each month like mortgage payments. | Fixed Costs |
| An assembly line worker in a plant is an example of which factor of production? | Labor |
| Computers man-made materials would be which factor of production? | Capital |
| What are the three esential questions each society must answer about production? | What, How, and For Whom |
| What two things cause scarcity? | Unlimited Wants and Limited Resources |
| the cost of the next best use of your time or money when you choose to do one thing rather than another | Oppurtunity Cost |
| What economic model best represents the factor and product markets? | Circular Flow |
| When real GDP is calculated the output of different years is priced at ______________ levels. This is used as a point of reference for comparison. | Base Year |
| Which sector of the economy buys the greatest percentage of final goods as measured by the Gross Domestic Product? | Consumer |
| What are the three basic needs? | food/water, clothing, and shelter |
| The study of how people make decisions with limited resources. | Economics |
| The cost of producing one additional or extra unit. | Marginal Cost |
| What business strategy is demonstrated when the factory supervisor breaks a large job into small, separate tasks? | Division of Labor |
| Which inventor developed the assembly line to more efficiently produce his Model T? | Henry Ford |
| Which factor of production represents an individual who starts a new business or introduces a new product? | Entrepreneur |
| Which branch of economics examines the small picture such as an individual? | Microeconomics |
| Setting a minimum price that can be charged for a good or service such as minimum wage. | Price Floor |
| According to the ____________________as price increases quantity wanted by the consumer decreases. | Law of Demand |
| If people have less money, and are willing to buy fewer items then the demand curve | to the left |
| A _______________ indicates that the price is too high. | Surplus |
| A the point of _________________ supply=demand. | Equilibrum |
| When economic activity is strong with businesses working and selling at full capacity; highest point in business cycle. | Peak |
| Changes in government spending or tax policies is _____________ policy. | Fiscal |
| __________ policy involves controlling the supply of money and cost of credit according to the needs of the economy. | Monetary |
| What is the central bank of the U.S.? | Federal Reserve |
| Banks and credit cards make money by charging _______________ on money loaned. | Interest |
| Which term refers to taxes on gasoline, tobacco or alcohol? | Excise Tax |
| What is the federal government’s largest source of revenue? | Income Taxes |
| What is the county government’s largest source of revenue? It’s used to fund schools. | Property Taxes |
| Which program pays some health care costs of elderly people? | Medicare |
| Which government program provides money to people who are retired or disabled? | Social Security |
| What occurs when a government spends more than it collects in revenue? | Deficit |
| Which Supreme Court case upheld a student’s first amendment rights to freedom of speech by allowing black armbands to protest the Vietnam War? | Tinker v. DesMoines |
| Which court case decided that “separate but equal” was unconstitutional, and desegregated public schools? | Brown v. Board |
| Which amendment granted suffrage to women? | 19th Amendment |
| Which amendment abolished slavery? | 13th Amendment |
| Which event helped promote interest in the 26th Amendment to lower the voting age to 18? | Vietnam War (draft) |
| What 5 Freedoms are protected by the First Amendment? | Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech |
| Which Amendment granteed D.C. three electors to vote for the president and vice president? | 23rd Amendment |
Created by:
tsparks
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