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Chapter 8 - Page 357
Page 357 Key Terms
Question | Answer |
---|---|
80-Conductor IDE Cable | An IDE cable that has 40 pins but uses 80 wires, 40 of which are ground wires designed to reduce crosstalk on the cable. The cable is used by ATA/66 and higher IDE drives. |
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) | A nonprofit organization dedicated to creating trade and communications standards. |
ATAPI (Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface) | An interface standard, part of the IDE/ATA standards, that allows tape drives, optical drives, and other drives to be treated like an IDE hard drive by the system. |
Autodetection | A feature of system BIOS and hard drives that automatically identifies and configures a new drive in BIOS setup. |
Block Mode | A method of data transfer between hard drive and memory that allows multiple data transfers on a single software interrupt. |
Boot Record | The first sector of a floppy disk or hard drive volume; it contains information about the disk or volume. On a hard drive, if the boot record is in the active partition, then it can be used to boot the OS. Also called boot sector. |
Boot Sector | The first sector of a floppy disk or hard drive volume; it contains information about the disk or volume. On a hard drive, if the boot record is in the active partition, then it can be used to boot the OS. Also called boot sector. |
Cluster | One or more sectors that constitute the smallest unit of space on a disk for storing data (also referred to as a file allocation unit). Files are written to a disk as groups of whole clusters. |
DMA (Direct Memory Access) Transfer Mode | A transfer mode used by devices, including the hard drive, to transfer data to memory without involving the CPU. |
EIDE (Enhanced IDE) | A standard for managing the interface between secondary storage devices and a computer system. A system can support up to four parallel ATA IDE devices such as hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and DVD drives. |
External SATA (eSATA) | A standard for external drives based on SATA that uses a special external shielded SATA cable up to 2 meters long. eSATA is up to six times faster than USB or FireWire. |
FAT12 | The 12-bit wide, one-column file allocation table for a floppy disk, containing information about how each cluster or file allocation unit on the disk is currently used. |
File Allocation Unit | See cluster. |
Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) | A drive that can hold either a 5 inch or 3 inch floppy disk. Also called floppy drive. |
Hard Drive Controller | The main secondary storage device of a PC. Two technologies are currently used by hard drives: magnetic and solid state. Also called a hard disk drive (HDD). |
Head | The top or bottom surface of one platter on a hard drive. Each platter has two heads. |
High-Level Formatting | Formatting performed by the Windows Format program (for example, FORMAT C:/S), the Windows installation program, or the Disk Management utility. |
Host Adapter | The circuit board that controls a SCSI bus supporting as many as seven or fifteen separate devices. The host adapter controls communication between the SCSI bus and the PC. |
IDE (Integrated Device Electronics) | A hard drive whose disk controller is integrated into the drive, eliminating the need for a controller cable and thus increasing speed, as well as reducing price. See also EIDE. |
Local Unit Number (LUN) |