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Opportunistic fungi

Phaeohyphomycosis, Hyalohyphomycosis, & Zygomycosis

QuestionAnswer
Name the 4 Aspergillus organisms. A. fumigatus A. flavus A. niger A. terreus
What is the difference between uniseriate and biseriate fungi? Uniseriate - phialides are directly attached to the vescicle Biseriate - Phialides are attached to the metula which sit on the phialides
What is the general growth rate of Aspergillus species? Rapid - 7 days
Describe the hyphae of Aspergillus. Septate and hyaline
Which Aspergillus species has a blue to green suede colony and is the most important pathogen in the Aspergillus family? Where does this organism come from? A. fumigatus - found in soil and dust. Usually associated with construction.
Describe the microscopic appearance of A. fumigatus. Uniceriate Columnar conidia covering top of vesicle Smooth conidiophore
What is the second most common Aspergillus species? What is the colony's appearance of the organism? A. flavus - lime green colony
This Aspergillus species has a rough conidiophore, is biseriate, completely covered vesicle, and lime-green conidia. A. flavus
Which Aspergillus species has a salt & pepper colony appearance? A. niger
What is the microscopic appearance of A. niger? Smooth hyaline conidiophore Biseriate with entire covering of vesicle Dark conidia Sometimes dark metula
Which Aspergillus species is most commonly associated with ear infections? A. niger
This Aspergillus species is resistant to normal treatment for fungus like Amphitoceran B. A. terreus
What is does the colony of A. terreus look like? Tan,cinnamon-colored appearance
This Aspergillus species microscopically has smooth conidiophores, is biseriate with multiple phialides on each metula, and slightly yellow conidia. A. terreus
What is the route of transmission for Aspergillus species? Airborne transmission usually associated with construction or renovations
How do Aspergillus species cause disease? Conidia invade pulmonary cavities to become invasive. Granulocytopenia is the biggest risk for invasive disease especially in bone marrow patients.
What are 3 clinical manifestations in the form of hypersensitivity lung disease? 1. Asthma 2. Alveolitis "farmers' lung" 3. Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
What are other clinical manifestations that may occur from Aspergillus species? 1. Mycetomata "fungus balls" 2. Dissemination to CNS and organ systems 3. Eye infection secondary to trauma 4. Ear infection 5. Sinus infection 6. Osteomyelitis
Which opportunistic fungi is a common contaminant? Penicillium
Penicillium commonly causes which 2 diseases? Keratitis and endocarditis
What are the general characteristics of a Penicillium colony? Fast growing Shades of green
Describe the microscopic appearance of Penicillium. Conidiophore are rough or smooth Phialides are slightly elongated Conidia are variable: Round to eliptical Smooth to rough May have greenish-blue coloring or may be hyaline
True or False: Paecilomyces lilacinus causes problems in healthy individuals. False - this can easily cause deadly diseases in immunocompromised patients.
This organism is resistant to nearly everything except ketoconizole. Paecilomyces lilacinus
This is a non-dermatophyte that may cause nail diseases. Paecilomyces lilacinus
What are 3 complications associated with Paecilomyces lilacinus? 1. Keratitis 2. Endocarditis 3. Sinusitis
Is Paecilomyces lilacinus a fast or slow growing fungus? Fast
What organism has phialides with tapered or a long neck appearance, long chains of oval conidia, with some rough walled conidiophores? Paecilomyces lilacinus
Keratitis, osteomyelitis, and infections in bone marrow transplansts are complications caused by what fungus? Fusarium
Describe the colony characteristics of Fusarium. Fast growing pale or brightly colored cottony colony.
Which organism has macroconidia with a green bean appearance? What do the microconidia of this organism look like? Fusarium. Microconidia are short with 2-3 cells.
In what culture do we usually find Fusarium species? Blood culture
People who wear extended wear contacts may be at higher risk of this fungus. Fusarium
Which organism appears as a yeast but has no true yeast form? Fusarium
This disease is caused by inhalation of the organism. Dissemination occurs rapidly to eyes and sinuses and skin lesions form all over the body. Fusariosis
True or False: Pythiosis occurs only in humans. False - this is commonly found in animals that graze in swamp lands
Where is Pythium insidiosum found and how does it gain access to the body? Stagnant water, gaining access through the sinuses
General characteristics of this group of organisms includes: Sparsely septate ribbon like hyphae, rhizoids, and sporangiophores. Zygomycetes
What to Zygomycete colonies look like? Rapid growing Lid-Lifters Cotton-candy like White to grey coloration
What population is most supsceptible to Zygomycete infections? Diabetics - particularly those in ketoacidosis or those who do not manage their insulin levels
This organism can grow within 24 hours and likes higher temps affecting the brain. Zygomycete species.
Created by: 1042984298
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