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A and P Chapter 1

Introduction to Human A and P

QuestionAnswer
Anatomy Structure of the body and it's parts.
Physiology The Functions of the body's parts.
Atoms simplest level
molecule two or more atoms
macromolecule groups of molecules
Organelles aggregates of macromolecules used t carry out a specific function in the cell.
Cells the basic living unit
Tissues groups of cells functioning together
organs groups of tissues
organ systems groups of organs functioning together
organism organ systems functioning together
what are the fundamental characteristics of life Movement, Growth, Responsiveness, Reproduction, Respiration, Digestion, Absorption, Circulation, Assimilation, and Excretion
absorption movement of substances through membranes and into fluids
assimilation changing nutrients into chemically different forms
excretion removal of metabolic wastes
metabolism the chemical process that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life
requirements for life water,food, oxygen, heat, and pressure
homeostasis maintenance of a stable internal environment
homeostasis consist of receptors, a set point, and effectors
the body can be divided into 2 parts axial portion and appendicular portion
axial portion consists of head, neck, and trunk
appendicular portion consists of upper and lower limbs
axial portion includes cranial cavity, vertebral canal, thoracic, and abdominopelvic
mediastinum divides the thorax into right and left sides.
viscera organs of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
diaphragm broad thin muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
parietal attaches to wall cavity
visceral covers internal organ
thoracic membranes pleural
parietal pleura lines the cavities
visceral pleura covers the lungs
pericardial membranes surround the heart
parietal pericardium makes up an outer sac
visceral pericardium covers the heart
integumentary system organs skin ,hair, nails, and various glands
integumentary system function protection, body temp, senses changes, and synthesizes certain products
skeletal system organs bones, ligaments and cartialage
skeletal system function protection, provides framework, stores inorganic salts, and houses blood forming tissue
muscular system organs muscles
muscular system function movement, posture, and body heat
nervous system organs brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs
nervous system function intergrates incoming information from receptors and sends impulses to muscles and joints
endocrine system organs glands
endocrine system function secretes hormones, and helps to intergrate metabolic functions
cardiovascular system organs heart and blood vessels
cardiovascular system function distributes oxygen and nutrients throughout the body while removing wastes from the cells
lymphatic system organs lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen
lymphatic system function drains excess tissue fluid and includes cells of immunity
digestive system organs mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and accessory organs
digestive system function recieives, breaks down, and absorbs nutrients
respiratory system organs lungs and passageways
respiratory system function exchanges gases between the blood and air
urinary system organs kidneys, uteters, bladder, and urethra
urinary system functions removes waste from the blood and helps to maintain water and electrolyte balance
reproductive system organs male testes, accessory organs, and vessels
reproductive system organs female ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia
reproductive system function houses the developing offspring
lateral towards the side
bilateral a pair, one on each side
ipsilateral a pair on the same side
contralateral
Created by: 1152661917
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