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My 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antiseptic | Substance that tends to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. |
| ARTERIOLE | Smallest branch of an artery. |
| BOWMAN'S CAPSULE | Cup-shaped end of a renal tubule containing a glomerulus;also called GLOMERULAR CAPSULE. |
| CORTEX | Outer layer of a body organ or structure. |
| CYSTOSCOPE | Instrument used to view the anterior of the bladder. It consists of an outer sheath with a lighting system,a scope for viewing and a passage for catheters and devices used in surgical procedures;may also be referred to as a "CYSTO". |
| DIALYSATE | Solution that contains water and electrolytes that passes through the artificial kidney to remove excess fluids and wastes from the blood;also called a "BATH". |
| DIALYSIS | Process of removing waste products from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so. |
| DWELL TIME | Lengthof time the dialysis solution stays in the peritoneal cavity during peritoneal dialysis. |
| Fossa | Hollow or depression, especially on the surface of the end of a bone. In kidney transplantation the donor kidney is surgically placed in the Iliac fossa of the recipient. |
| Glomerular Filtrate | Substances that filter out of the blood through the thin walls of the glomeruli(water,sugar,salts,and nitrogenous waste products such as urea,creatinine,and uric acid). |
| GLOMERULUS | Ball-shaped collection of very tiny coiled and interwined capillaries,located in the cortex of the kidney. |
| Hilum | Depression,or pit, of an organ where the vessels and nerves enter. |
| Meatus | Opening or tunnel through any part of the body,as in the urinary meatus,which is the external opening of the urethra. |
| MEDULLA | Most internal part of a structure or organ. |
| Micturition | Act of eliminating urine from the bladder;also called VOIDING or URINATION. |
| NEPHROLITH | Kidney stone;also called a RENAL CALCULUS. |
| Peritoneum | Specific serous membrane that contains the entire abdominalwall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera; the inner lining of the abdominal cavity. |
| PERITONITIS | Inflammation of the peritoneum (membrane linning abdominal cavity). |
| Pyelitis | Inflammation of the renal pelvis. |
| Renal Pelvis | Central collecting part of the kidney that narrows into the large upper end of the ureter. It receives urine through the calyces and drains it into the ureters. |
| RESIDUAL URINE | Urine that remains in the bladder after urination. |
| Toxic | Poisonous |
| TURBID | Cloudy. |
| UREMIA | Presence of excessive amounts of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood; also called AZOTEMIA. |
| Ureter | One of a pair of tubes that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. |
| Urethra | Small tubular structure that drains urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. |
| URINARY INCONTINENCE | Inability to control urination;the inability to retain urine in the bladder. |
| Urine | Fluid released by the kidneys,transported by the urters,retained in the bladder, and eliminated through the urethra. Normal urine is clear,straw colored, and slightly acid. |
| Hemodialysis | Passing the blood through the artificial kidney for filtering out impuritites. |
| Peritonealdialysis | Introducing fluid into the abdomen through a catheter. through the process of osmosis,this fluid draws waste products out of the capillaries into the abdominal cavity. It is then removed from the abdomen via a catheter. |
| Albuminuria | Presence in the urine of abnormally large quantities of protein,usually albumin. ( Albuminuria is the same thing as proteinuria.) |
| Anuria | Cessation (stopping) of urine production, or a urinary output of less than 100 ml per day. |
| Bacteriuria | Presence of bacteria in the urine. |
| Dysuria | Painful urination. |
| Fatigue | State of exhaustion or loss of strength or endurance,such as may follow strenuous physical activity. |
| Frequency | Number of repetitions of any phenomenon within a fixed period of time such as the # of hertbeats per minute; in the case of urinary frequency, urination at short intervals without increase in the daily volume of urinary output due to reduced bladder capa |
| Glycosuria | Abnormal presence of sugar, especially glucose, in the urine. |
| Hematuria | Abnormal presence of blood in the urine. |
| Ketonuria | Presence of excessive amounts of ketone bodies in the urine. |
| Malaise | Vague feeling of bodily weakness or discomfort, often marking the onset of disease or infection. |
| Nocturia | Urination, especially excessive, at night; may be a symptom of renal disease. |
| Oliguria | Secretion of a diminished amount of urine in relation to the fluid intake; scanty urine output. |
| Polydipsia | Excessive thirst. |
| Polyuria | Excretion of abnormally large amounts of urine. |
| Pyuria | Presence of an excessive number of white blood cells in the urine, usually a sign of an infection of the urinary tract; pus in the urine. |
| Urgency | Feeling of the need to void urine immediately. |
| Cystitis | Inflammation of the urinary bladder. |
| Glomerulonephritis (acute) | Inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidneys. |
| Hydronephrosis | Distension of the pelvis and calyces of the kidney caused by urine that cannot flow past obstruction in a ureter. |
| Polycystic Kidney Disease | Hereditary disorder of the kidneys in which grapelike fluid-like sacs or cysts replace normal kidney tissue. |
| Pyelonephritis (acute) | Bacterial infection of the renal pelvis of the kidney. |
| Renal Faliure (chronic) | Progressively slow development of kidney failure occurring over a period of years. The late of chronic renal faliure are known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD). |
| Vesicoureteral Reflux | Abnormal backflow (reflux) of urine from the bladder to the ureter. |
| Catheterization | Introduction of a catheter (flexible hollow tube) into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or to remove a fluid. |
| Cystoetrography | Examination performed to evaluate bladder tone; measuring bladder pressure during filling and voiding. |
| Cystoscopy | Process of viewing the interior of the bladder using a cystoscope. |
| Intravenous Pyelogram | Also known as intravenous pyelography or excretory urogram. This radiographic procedure provides visualization of the entire urinary tract: kidneys,ureters,bladder, and urethra. |
| KUB (kidneys,ureters,bladder) | X-ray of the lower abdomen that defines the size, shape, and location of the kidneys,ureters, and bladder. A contrast medium is not used with this X-ray. |
| Retrograde Pyelogram (RP) | Radiographic procedure in which small-caliber catheters are passed through a cystoscope into the ureters to visualize the ureters and the renal pelvis. |
| Urinalysis | Physical, Chemical, or microscopic examination of urine. |
| 24-hour Urine Specimen | Collection of all the urine excreted by the individual over a 24-hour period. The urine is collected in one large container. This urine specimen is also called COMPOSITE URINE SPECIMEN. |
| Voiding Cystourethrography | X-ray visualization of the bladder and urethra during voiding process, after the bladder has been filled with contrast material. |
| Clean-catch Specimen (midstream specimen) | Collection is used to avoid contamination of the urine specimen from the microorganisms normally present on the external genitalia. |
| First-voided specimen (early-morning specimen) | Patient is instructed to collect the first-voided specimen of the morning and to refrigerate it until it can be taken to the medical office or laboratory. |
| Random Specimen | Urine specimen that is collected at any time. |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | The peritoneal membrane (also called the peritoneum) is used as the filter in the peritoneal dialysis instead of using the hemodialysis machine as a filter. |
| Erythropoietin (EPO) | Hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells within the bone marrow, produced by the kidneys. |
Created by:
Jayson R. Hoss
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