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Chapter 1 Hardware

Introduction

QuestionAnswer
The_________Reads input, processes data, writes data to storage and it could not do its job without the assistance of thechipset. CPU
An ___________is a circuit board that holds microchips, or integrated circuits (ICs), and the circuitry that connects these chips.All adapter cards contain microchips, which are most often manufactured using CMOS Adapter cards
Peripheral device links to motherboard via CABLE
The_________group of microchips controlling data flow, instructions to and from the processor. It responsible for the careful timing and coordination of activities and integrated component of the motherboard. Chipset
Using a__________interface, a motherboard has two IDE connectors, each of which can accommodate two devices; a hard drive usually connects to the motherboard using the primary IDE connector PATA
Fine lines on top and bottom of the motherboard’s surface Traces
bus is a group of wires that carries data/information/signals/addresses parallelly. In computer systems, generally, there are 3 buses termed 1.Data bus 2.Address bus 3.control bus collectively these 3 are called SYSTEM BUS
The data bus sizes are________ bits wide and Some use error checking bit. 16, 32, 64, 128, 256
Width of a data bus called Data path size
The_________is used to synchronize activity on the motherboard. The clock sends continuous pulses over the bus that different components use to control the pace of activity. System clock
Range of CPU speeds 166 MHz to 4 GHz
Most important electrical component, Converts AC voltage external source to DC voltage, Reduces voltage from 110-120 volts to 12 volts or less, and Runs a fan to cool the inside of the computer case Power supply
The BIOS that is sometimes used to manage simple devices is called System BIOS
the BIOS that is used to start the computer is called Startup BIOS
The BIOS that is used to change some settings on the motherboard is called BIOS setup or CMOS setup
These motherboard settings include such things as the current date and time, which hard drives are present, and how the parallel port is configured are stored in a small amount of RAM located on the firmware chip and are called CMOS RAM
Motherboard manufacturers often publish updates for the ROM BIOS on their motherboards; if a board is giving you problems or you want to use a new feature just released, you might want to upgrade the BIOS. Called Flash ROM
Helps start PCs; manages simple devices; Changes some motherboard settings ROM BIOS
An_____________sound port connects to an external home theater audio system, providing digital output and the best signal quality. S/PDIF
A_________port also called an IEEE 1394 is used for high-speed multimedia devices such as digital camcorders. FireWire
video cards contain their own memory chips embedded on the card; these chips are called video memory
These_____________use an internal technology called Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE). magnetic hard drives
A_____________ ,that can hold 3.5-inch disks containing up to 1.44 MB of data and can accommodate one or two drives. The drive at the end of the cable is drive A and the middle of the cable, it would be drive B in a computer system. floppy disk drive (FDD)
The main bus on the motherboard that communicates with the CPU, memory, and the chipset goes by several names: system bus, front side bus (FSB), memory bus, host bus, local bus, or external bus
This firmware chip in the mortherboard contains flash ROM and CMOS RAM; CMOS RAM is powered by the coin battery located near the chip
Software embedded into hardware is often referred to as___________ because of its hybrid nature firmware
A motherboard can have several buses, including the system bus, the PCI Express bus, the PCI bus, and the older AGP bus.
A very important output device is the printer, which produces output on paper, often called hard copy
A device that is not installed directly on the motherboard is called a peripheral device
A Motherboards usually offer from two to eight SATA and eSATA connectors
Created by: fofo509
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