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CHAPTER 4 form facto
Form Factors, Power Suplies, and Working Inside a Computer
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When you put together a new system, or replace components in an existing system, the motherboard, power supply, and case must all be compatible. The size, shape, and major features of these components so that they work together are called | Form factor |
| An ATX motherboard measures up to 12" x 9.6". The CPU and memory slots sit | Beside expansion slots |
| Variation of MicroATX with maximum flexibility | FlexATX |
| A__________ was designed to take full advantage of serial ATA, USB 2.0, and PCI Express technologies. 24-pin connectors are the same, and can use an ATX power supply. focuses on reducing heat with better airflow | BTX form factor |
| A________motherboard has only one expansion slot,in which a riser card (daughter board), is mounted. Expansion cards are mounted on the riser card, and the card contains connectors for the floppy and hard drives. The riser card is on the edge of the board | NLX form factor |
| Acts as a transformer and rectifier | Power supply |
| What component uses the most power? | Video cards |
| Static electricity (electrostatic discharge or ESD)cause when you | Touching device causes discharge, damaging device,and particularly severe in dry and cold climates |
| To Detect EMI | Use tuned-down AM radio |
| Other ways to protect device from EMI | Use line conditioners; shield cables, power supply and Move PC to a new location. |
| Storms and uneven AC flow | Cause power surges |
| To Prevent Storms and Uneven AC | Install an AC filter |
| The__________ provides backup power in the event that the AC fails completely. Conditions the line to accountProtects against very high spikes that could damage equipment for both brownouts and spikes. | Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) |
| Smart (intelligent) UPS | Controlled with software |
| A_________can be of great help to discover and report computer errors and conflicts at POST. | Post Diagnostic Cards |
| Problems with External Power symptom | Brownout (reduced current) |
| Major components in a circuit board are: | Transistor, capacitor, diode, resistor |
| Electrical threat are: | ESD, EMI, uneven current flow, sudden power surges (or spikes) |
| A device that can test the output of each power cord coming from a power supply | power supply tester |
| A more general-purpose tool that can measure several characteristics of electricity in variety of devices. | Multimeter |
| provides continuous power | inline UPS |
| switch from one circuit to another when a blackout begins | standby UPS |
| A__________is a small surge suppressors designed to protect modems from spikes on telephone lines. | Data line protectors |
| Tools necessary for a PC support technician include | ground bracelet, screwdrivers,tweezers, extractor, and recovery CDs |
| A____color or stripe down one side of a cable marks this side of the cable as pin 1. | red |
| Some video cards use a(n)_____that helps to hold the card securely in the slot. | latch |
| The CPU on an ATX motherboard sits | Opposite the expansion slots and does not block the room needed for long expansion cards |
| The first ATX motherboards power supplies used the P1 connector that had 20 pins. These pins provided | +3.3 volts, +5 volts, +12 volts, -12 volts, and an optional and rarely used -5 volts. |
| ATX Version 2.1 added a 4-pin auxiliary connector near the processor socket to provide an additional 12 V of power. A power supply that provides this 4-pin 12-volt power cord is called an | ATX12V power supply. |
| ATX Version 2.2 allowed for a 24-pin P1 connector that support PCI Express , which is backward compatible with the 20-pin P1 connector. The extra 4 pins on the connector provide | +12 volts, +5 volts, and +3.3 volts pins |
| A_____________is a button or switch on an ATX or BTX system that allows an OS to power down the system and a feature that allows for activity such as a keystroke or network activity to power up the system. Also called soft power. | soft switch |
| The_________motherboard measures up to 9.6" x 9.6". reduces the total cost of a system by reducing the number of expansion slots on the motherboard, reducing the power supplied to the board, and allowing for a smaller case size. | MicroATX |
| A________motherboard can be up to 9" x 7.5". The motherboard costs less, has fewer features, and used in slimline and all-in-one cases, but can fit into any FlexATX, MicroATX, or ATX case that follows the ATX 2.03 or higher standard. | FlexATX |
| ________is running a processor, motherboard, or video card at a higher frequency than the manufacturer recommends and is not considered a best practice. It might also void the warranty of a component. | Overclocking |
| CRT monitors and the older CRT television PDAs, cell phones, cordless phones, microwave ovens, magnets, laser printers, power supplies, fluorescent lighting, AC adapters, bug zappers, and other electric and electronic devices. | contain magnets that can emit EMI/RFI |
| If a CRT monitor flickers occasionally, try moving it to a new location, away from | fluorescent lighting or a laser printer, or turn them off. |
| Data in data cables that cross an electromagnetic field or that run parallel with power cables can become corrupted by | EMI/RFI, causing crosstalk |
| A _____________ protects equipment against sudden changes in power level, such as spikes from lightning strikes. | surge protector, also called a surge suppressor, |
| A___________is a device that regulates, or conditions power, providing continuous voltage during brownouts and spikes. | line conditioners, also called power conditioners |
| Protect a computer system against EMI or RFI by | covering expansion slots (which also reduces dust inside the case and improves airflow), by not placing the system close to or on the same circuit as high-powered electrical equipment, and by using line conditioners |
| Important features of a _________to consider when purchasing it are its form factor, number and type of connector types it provides, voltage selector switch, fan size and position, on/off switch, wattage capacity, and warranty | power supply |
| A _________ is a gate or switch for an electrical signal, a capacitor holds an electrical charge, a diode allows electricity to flow in one direction, and a resistor limits electrical current | transistor |
| To decide on the wattage capacity of a power supply, add up the wattage requirements for all components in a system and then increase that total by about | 30 percent |
| To protect a computer system against___, use a ground bracelet, ground mat, and static shielding bags | ESD |
| A __________can cause memory errors, data errors, system hangs, or reboots; it can damage a motherboard or other components. | faulty power supply |
| When troubleshooting the __________, consider the problem might be caused by external power problems, loose connections, bad components drawing too much power, the power supply, the motherboard, or overheating. | electrical system |
| Tools necessary for a ______________include a ground bracelet, screwdrivers, tweezers, extractor, and recovery CDs. | PC support technician |
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