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T1 Cold and Flu.
Therapeutics 1, Cold and Flu, Lumiere, Bastyr
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Common cold and influenza: | Attack by pathogenic wind in East Asian medicine, and virus in Western medicine |
| Describe Clinical signs and sx of Common cold and influenza: | Clinical signs and sx include nasal discharge, sneezing, headache, chills, fever, fatigue, body aches. |
| What is the difference between Cold and Influenza? | More severe signs and Sx associated w/ influenza (caused by a different virus than the common cold) |
| What are the names of cold viruses? | Rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) |
| Describe Rhinoviruses? | Rhinovirus group causes 10% to 40% of colds. Most active in early fall, spring, and summer. More than 110 distinct rhinovirus types have been identified. Grow best at temperatures of about 91 degrees |
| Describe Coronaviruses: | Coronaviruses cause many adult colds. Most active in the winter and early spring. There are 30 + types and three or four of the 30+ types infect humans SARS is due to a coronavirus |
| What percentage of case are causes by Coronaviruses and RSV: | Coronaviruses and RSV responsible for 20% and 10% of cases, respectively. |
| Describe Influenza: | Three types, A, B, and C. A and B are the most severe, and change continually, circulate around the globe. C mild or asymptomatic, does not cause epidemics and does not present a public health threat |
| What are the two types of drift and shift of Influenza? | Antigenic and Antigenic |
| Describe Antigenic drift: | Small changes that happen continually Produces new strains Yearly updates in the influenza vaccine address changes d/t drift Affects both A and B types of influenza. |
| Describe Antigenic shift: | Sudden major change in the influenza A viruses Usually no human immunity Happens only occasionally |
| Describe Complications of Common cold: | Better w/i days to weeks. Sinus, ear infections; bronchitis |
| Describe Complications of Influenza: | Worsening of chronic medical conditions such as asthma, congestive heart failure, diabetes Sinus, ear infections; bronchitis Pneumonia; dehydration; death |
| What is the relationship with humidity and cold viruses? | Cold-causing viruses survive better when humidity is low. |
| What is the relationship with COld weather and cold viruses? | Cold weather also can dry the mucus membranes of the nose, making it more vulnerable to infection. |
| What are the Two categories of pathogenesis of Cold and Flu: | Pathogenic wind, Deficiency syndromes. |
| Describe the pathogenesis of Pathogenic wind: | Air travel Closed ventilation office buildings Hotel pillows and blankets Playgrounds, classrooms |
| Describe the pathogenesis of Deficiency syndromes | Children six months to five years old Adults 50 years or older pregnant women Chronic illness |
| What are pathogenic wind exterior conditions? | Wind cold Wind heat Wind dampness |
| Main Sx of Wind Cold | Nasal stuffiness; runny rose; sneezing Muffled voice Whitish thin sputum in mild cases Slight fever; H/A; arthralgia in more serious cases |
| Describe Tongue and pulse of Wind Cold: | Tongue: thin, white coat w/ moisture Pulse: superficial/floating, tight |
| Describe Superficial/floating pulse: | Easily felt with gentle touch Slightly reduced but not hollow w/ pressure Indicates exterior and deficiency syndromes Wei qi located at exterior In prolonged disease, if pulse is superficial, it is always forceless. |
| Describe Tight pulse: | Tension with side to side movements Thicker than a wiry pulse Indication of excess cold - interior or exterior Commonly associated with pain |
| Main Sx of Wind heat? | Fever Slight aversion to cold Nasal stuffiness and discharge Dry mouth; sticky, yellow sputum Sore throat!; red, swollen, itchy throat; cough |
| Tongue and pulse of Wind heat? | Tongue: thin, yellowish coat Pulse: superficial/floating, rapid |
| Describe a Rapid Pulse? | More than five beats per breath ( > 90bpm ) |
| Describe Main Sx of Wind Dampness | Heavy, muffled sensation in head Heaviness in body and limbs Joint pain; body aches Moderate fever, mild chills Sticky sweating Thirsty, but no desire to drink water Sticky mouth Loose stool In severe cases: nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; high fever, |
| Tongue and Pulse of Wind Dampness | Tongue: thin or thick, sticky coating Pulse: superficial/floating; - Soft (is deficient slippery) - Excess pulse, (surging dampness) |
| What are the four categories of deficiency syndromes? | Qi deficiency Yang deficiency Blood deficiency Yin deficiency |
| Describe Main Sx of Qi deficiency: | Fatigue; exhaustion Pale complexion Aversion to cold Shortness of breath; reluctance to speak Weak cough w/ white sputum Poor appetite; abdominal bloating Loose stool Frequent colds and/or flu; prolonged Sx from same |
| Tongue and pulse of Qi deficiency | Tongue: pale; flabby; toothmarked; thin coat Pulse: weak |
| Describe Main Sx of Yang Xu: | Strong aversion to cold; cold limbs Exhaustion; feeble speaking voice Cocks crow diarrhea; undigested food in stool Edema Frequent colds and/or flu; prolonged Sx from same |
| Tongue and pulse of Yang Xu: | Tongue: pale; enlarged; toothmarked; moist Pulse: deep; weak |
| Main Sx of Blood Xu: | Sallow complexion; pale lips and nail beds Poor concentration and memory; easily startled; insomnia Palpitations Dizziness Constipation Frequent colds and/or flu; prolonged Sx from same |
| Tongue and pulse of Blood Xu: | Tongue: pale; small; white coat Pulse: thin; thready |
| Define thready: | Xu Wirey |
| Main Sx of Yin Xu: | Tidal fever; night sweats; five palms hot Dizziness Irritability (especially Lv Yin Xu.) Thirst; dry throat; dry, prolonged cough; blood tinged sputum Frequent colds and/or flu; prolonged Sx from same |
| Tongue and pulse of Yin Xu: | Tongue: small; narrow or pointed; bright red; peeled or mirror coat; fissured Pulse: rapid; thready (sometimes: rapid wiry) |
| Describe TCM nutritional Theory: | TCM nutritional therapy uses the same Ddx and Tx principles as acupuncture and herbal therapy. By applying the actions of the flavors of foods, and their temperatures, food is used as medicine. |
| Describe the relationship of five tastes and Zanf Fu? | “Sourness enters the Liver, Bitterness enters the Heart, Sweetness enters the Spleen Acridity (pungent) enters the Lungs Saltiness enters the Kidneys. |
| Describe the relationship of five tastes and body tissues? | Sourness enters the sinews, Bitterness enters the Blood, Acridity enters Qi, Sweetness enters the flesh, Saltiness enters the bones.” |
| What are the five temperatures? | Hot Warm Neutral Cool Cold |
| What temperature does stagnation turn into? | Hot! |
Created by:
bastyr41
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