Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biochem-Amino Acids
Med’11 Biochemistry Proteins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Proteins | Polymers of amino acids |
| Amino acids | The basic building blocks of polymers |
| List the biological functions of proteins. | 1. Catalytic Function 2. Transport and Storage 3. Coordinated Motion 4. Structural & Mechanical Support 5. Defense Function 6. Generation & Transmission of Nerve Impulses 7. Control of Growth & Differentiation |
| What does each amino acid have? | An amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain bonded to an alpha-carbon atom. |
| Describe the amino acid at physiologic pH. | The carboxyl dissociates, forming the negatively charged ion. The amino group is protonated, forming the positively charged ion. |
| How many acids make up the proteins in the body? | 20 |
| How do different side chains vary from each other? | Size Shape Charge Hydrogen-bonding capacity Chemical reactivity |
| What is the simplest amino acid? | Glycine (Gly - G) |
| What are the polar, positively charged amino acids? | Lysine (Lys - K) Arginine (Arg - R) Histidine (His - H) |
| What are the polar, negatively charged amino acids? | Aspartic Acid (Asp - D) Glutamic Acid (Glu - E) |
| Which 2 amino acids have sulfur? | Methionine (Met - M) Cysteine (Cys - C) |
| What are the amino acids with the aromatic R-groups? Which are nonpolar, and which are polar? | Nonpolar: Phenylalanine Trytophan Polar: Tyrosine (because it has a hydroxyl group) |
| Give some examples of hydrophobic amino acids. | Glycine Methionine Proline |
| Give an example of a polar, uncharged amino acid. | Cysteine |
| Which amino acid has a nonpolar, aliphatic, cyclic R group? | Proline |
| Which are the most hydrophilic R groups? | The amino acids that are either positively or negatively charged. +ve: Lys - His - Arg -ve: Asp - Glu |
| What is the difference between essential and nonessential amino acids? | Essential: cannot be synthesized in the body and must be taken in the diet. Nonessential: can be synthesized in the body; not needed in the diet |
| What is the difference between ketogenic, glucogenic, and mixed amino acids? | Ketogenic: give ketone bodies Glucogenic: give glucose Mixed: give both ketone bodies and glucose |
| Which amino acid is both nonessential and ketogenic and glucogenic? | Tyrosine |
| Which amino acids are both essential and ketogenic and glucogenic? | Phenylalanine Tryptophan Isoleucine |
| Which amino acids are both essential and ketogenic? | Leucine Lysine |
| What is the largest amino acid? | Tryptophan |
| Which amino acid does not have a stereoisomer? | Glycine |
| If the amino acid has a stereoisomer, the alpha-carbon is called _____. | asymmetric (chiral) |
| What are the 2 possible forms of stereoisomers? Which one is found in amino acid residues? | L-form and D-form. L-form |
| How does an amino acid behave in an acidic medium? Basic medium? What is this property called? | Acidic medium: proton acceptor Basic medium: proton donor This is an amphoteric property. |
| What is the pI? | Isoelectric point: a specific pH where the amino acid is fully ionized but electrically neutral. |
| What is the amino acid called at pI? | Zwitter ion |
Created by:
Salma O
Popular Biochemistry sets