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Intro to Programming
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Computer System | is a combination of all the components required to process and store data using a computer. |
| Hardware | is the collection of physical devices that comprise a computer system. |
| Software | consists of the programs that tell the computer what to do. |
| Programs | are sets of instructions for a computer. |
| Programming | is the act of developing and writing programs |
| Application Software | comprises all the programs you apply to a task. |
| System Software | comprises the programs that you use to manage your computer. |
| Input | describes the entry of data items into computer memory using hardware devices such as keyboards. |
| Data Items | include all the text, numbers, and other information processed by a computer. |
| Processing | data items may involve organizing them, checking them for accuracy, or performing mathematical operations on them. |
| CPU | central processing unit is the hardware that processes the data. |
| Output | describes the operation of retrieving information from memory or sending it to a devices, such as a monitor or printer so people can view, interpret and work with the results. |
| Storage Devices | are types of hardware equipment such as disks, that hold information for later retrieval. |
| Programming Languages | such as Visual Basic, C#, C++, Java or COBOL are used to write programs. |
| Program Code | is the set of instructions a programmer writes in a programming language. |
| Coding the Program | is the act of writing programming language instructions. |
| Syntax | is the grammar rules of a programming language. |
| Computer Memory | is the temporary, internal storage within a computer. |
| Volatile | describes storage whose contents are lost when power is lost. |
| Nonvolatile | describes storage whose contents are lost when power is lost. |
| RAM | random access memory is temporary internal storage. |
| Machine Language | is a computer on/off circuitry language. |
| Compiler or Interpreter | translates high-level programming language into machine language and tells you if you have used a programming language correctly. |
| Binary Language | is represented using a string of 1 and 0's |
| Source Code | is the statements a programmer writes in a programming language. |
| Object Code | is translated machine language. |
| Run or Execute | a program is to carry out its instructions. |
| Scripting Language | are used to write programs that are types directly from the keyboard and are stored as a text information rather than machine code. |
| Logical error | occurs when incorrect instructions are performed or when instructions are performed in the wrong order. |
| Logic | of the computer program is when you give instructions to the computer in a specific sequence. |
| Semantic Error | when a correct word is used in an incorrect context. |
| Variable | is a named memory location whose value can vary. |
| program development cycle | consists of the steps that occur during the creation of software. |
| Users and End Users | are people who employ and benefit from computer programs. |
| Documentation | consist of all the supporting paperwork for a program. |
| Algorithm | is a sequence of steps necessary to solve any problem. |
| IPO Chart | is a program development tool that delineates input processing and output tasks. |
| TOE Chart | is a program development tool that lists tasks, objects and events. |
| Desk-Checking | is the process of walking through a program solutions on paper. |
| High-Level Programming Languages | support English like syntax |
| Low-Level Language | consists of 1 and 0's |
| Syntax Error | is an error in language or grammar |
| Debugging | is the process of finding and correcting program errors. |
| Conversion | is the entire set of actions an organization must take to switch over to using a new program or set of programs. |
| Maintenance | consist of all the improvements and corrections made to a program after it is in production. |
| Pseudocode | is an English like representation of the logical steps a program needs to take to solve a problem. |
| Flowchart | is a pictorial representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem. |
| Input Symbol | indicates and inpute operation and is represented by a parallelogram in flow charts. |
| Processing Symbol | indicates a processing operation and represented by a rectangle in flowcharts |
| Output Symbol | indicates an output operation and is represented by a parallelogram in flowcharts. |
| I/O Symbol | is represented by a parallelogram in flowcharts. |
| Flowlines | or arrows connect the steps in a flow chart. |
| Terminal Signal | or start/stop symbol is used at each end of a flow chart. Its shape is a lozenge. |
| Loop | is a repetition of a series of steps |
| Infinite Loop | occurs when a repeating logic cannot end. |
| Making a decision | is the act of testing a value. |
| Decision Symbol | is shaped like a diamond and used to represent decisions in a flowchart. |
| Binary Decision | is a yes/no decision with two possible outcomes. |
| Dummy Value | is a pre-selected valuethat stops the execution of a program. |
| Sentinel Value | is pre-selected value that stops the execution of a program. |
| EOF | End of file |
| Text Editor | is a program that you use to create a simple text files, it is similar to a word processor but without as many features. |
| IDE | integrated development enviroment is a software package that proceds an editor, compiler and other programming tools. |
| Microsoft Visual Studio IDE | is a software package that contains tools for creating programs in VB, C++, C# |
| Command Line | is a location on your computer which you type entries to communicate with the computer's operating system. |
| Graphical User Interface | GUI allows users to interact with a program in a graphical environment. |
| Procedural Programming | is a programming model that focuses on the procedures that a program creates. |
| Object-Oriented Programming | is programming model that focuses on objects or things and describes their features and their behaviors. |
Created by:
rebirtharmitage
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