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ABO/Rh BloodBank
Phenotypes, precursors, etc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the frequency of the O phenotype in the population? | 45% |
| What is the frequency of the A phenotype in the general population? | 40% |
| What is the frequency of the B phenotype in the general population? | 11% |
| What is the frequency of the AB phenotype in the general population? | 4% |
| What is the order of ABO types from the type with the most H substance to the type with the least H substance? | O>A2>B>A2B>A1>A1B |
| What is the Bombay phenotype? | It is an h amorph |
| What sugar does the Bombay phenotype lack on its precursor? | L-fucose |
| How are Bombay individuals' rbcs differentiated from a normal type O individual? | They are tested with the anti-H lectin |
| What is the sugar and enzyme responsible for the A antigen? | N-acetyl-galactose-amine and N-acetylgalactose-aminyltransferase |
| What is the sugar and enzyme responsible for the B antigen? | D-galactose and D-galactosyl-transferase |
| What is the sugars and enzmes responsible for the AB antigens? | N-acetyl-galactose-amine and N-acetylgalactose-aminyltransferaseand D-galactose and D-galactosyl-transferase |
| What is the sugar and enzyme responsible for the O antigen? | L-fucose and alpha -2-L-fucosyltransferaseThe H antigen |
| What is the name of the precursor substance on rbcs that the ABO antigens are built upon? | Type 2 oligosaccharide chain |
| What is the cis-AB phenomenon? | A person inherits both AB genes from one parent and an O gene from the other parent |
| What is Acquired B Antigen? | It is associated with disease of the digestive tract when bacterial enzymes modify the blood group "A" sugar |
| How is an ABO discrepancy caused by Acquired B antigen resolved? | The cells can be washed again and retyped |
| What is done in neonatal blood typing? | The cord cells are washed 4-8 times to remove Wharton's jelly |
| What ABO discrepancy may be associated with elderly or immunocompromised patients and how would it be resolved? | They may have weak or missing antibodies in the back type. Resolve this by incubating at RT for 15 mins or in the refrig |
| What ABo discrepancy could chimerism cause? | a mixed field reaction due to the presence of two cell populations in a single individual. Check transfusion history |
| What subgroups of A could cause a red cell discrepancy and how would you detect this? | A2 - could have anti-A1 in plasma and react with A cells |
| What discrepancy could rouleux cause and how would you solve it? | it would cause a false pos due to inc plasma proteins |
| how would you resolve a cold alloantibody or autoantibody? | Run a short cold antibody screen |
| What type of rbcs and ffp should be released for transfusion if an ABO discrepancy cannot be resolved in an emergency? | O neg(if don't know if neg or pos) cells and AB FFP |
| What is the Rh null phenotype? | They are negative for all of the Rh antigens due to either the absence of the regulator gene or an inheritance of an amorphic gene |
| What is the Rh mod phenotype? | There is a partial suppression of the Rh gene expression which leads to a weak Rh antigen expression |
| How is weak D testing done? | It requires AHG to detect it |
| compare genetic weak D to Partial D phenotype to C Trans. | Genetic weak D is an inherited gene that codes for a weakened expression of a D antigen which has less D antigen sites on the cellPartial D means one or more of the epitopes of the D antigen are missing |
| How are weak D positive donor units labeled? | Positive |
| Which specimens do and do not need weak D testing and why? | Cord cells and donor cells need weak D testing |
| What is the antibody class | optimum temperature of reactivity and clinical significance of Rh antibodies? |
| What is the Weiner conversion of Dce | R0 |
| What is the Weiner conversion of DCe? | R1 |
| What is the Weiner conversion of DcE? | R2 |
| What is the Weiner conversion of DCE? | Rz |
| What is the Weiner conversion of dce? | r |
| What is the Weiner conversion of dCe? | r' |
| what is the Weiner conversion of dcE? | r'' |
| What is the Weiner conversion of dCE? | ry |
| What is the genotype frequency of DCe/dce (R1r)? | 33% |
| What is the genotype frequency of DCe/DCe (R1R1)? | 18% |
| What is the genotype frequency of dce/dce (rr)? | 15% |
| What is the genotype frequency of DCe/DcE (R1R2)? | 11% |
| What is the genotype frequency of DcE/dce (R2r)? | 9% |
| What is the genotype frequency of DcE/DcE (R2R2)? | 2% |
| what is the genotype frequency of dCe/dce (r'r)? | 1% |
| What is the genotype frequency of dcE/dce (r''r)? | 1% |
| What is the genotype frequency of Dce/dce (R0r)? | 2% |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D + C+ E+ c+ e+what is the most likely genotype? | DCe/DcE or R1R2 |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D+ C= E+ c+ e+What is the most likely genotype? | DcE/dce or R2r |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D+ C+ E= c+ e+what is the most likely genotype? | DCe/dce or R1r |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D+C+ E+ c= e+ what is the most likely genotype? | DCe/DCE or R1Rz |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D+ C+ E+ c+ e=what is the most likely genotype? | DcE/dCE or R2ry |
| if you get the antigen typing results:D+ C= E= c+ e+what is the most likely genotype? | Dce/dce or R0r |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D+ C+ E= c= e+ what is the most likely genotype? | DCe/DCe or R1R1 |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D+ C+ E+ c= e= what is the most likely genotype? | DCE/dCE or Rzry |
| If you get the antigen typing results:D+ C= E+ c+ e= what is the most likely genotype? | DcE/DcE or R2R2 |
| if you get the antigen typing results:d= C+ E+ c+ e+ what is the most likely genotype? | dCE/dce or ryr |
| if you get the antigen typing results:d= C= E+c+e+ what is the most likely genotype? | dcE/dce or r''r |
| If you get the antigen typing results:d=C+E=c+e+ what is the most likely genotype? | dCe/dce or r'r |
| If you get the antigen typing results:d=C+E+c=e+ what is the most likely genotype? | dCE/dCe or ryr' |
| If you get the antigen typing results:d=C+E+c+e= what is the most likely genotype? | dcE/dCE or r''ry |
| If you get the antigen typing results:d=C=E=c+e+ what is the most likely genotype? | dce/dce |
| If you get the antigen typing results:d=C+E=c=e+ what is the most likely genotype? | dCe/dCe or r'r' |
| If you get the antigen typing results:d=C+E+c=e= what is the most likely genotype? | dCE/dCE or ryry |
| If you get the antigen typing results:d=C=E+c+e= what is the most likely genotype? | dcE/dcE or r''r'' |
| How would an ABO discrepancy be handled in an emergency situation | in regard to both packed cells and plasma? |
| What is the significance of a positive Rh control? | It would mean the weak D test is invalid. |
| What would a Bombay phenotype type and screen look like in a reference lab? | O type and screen would be all positive. |
Created by:
jgreff
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