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A&P Urinary
Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What system produces waste products? | The Urinary System |
| ________ acts on blood forming tissue in the spleen. | Erythropoietin |
| ________ is blood plasma moving from glomerulous to the Bowman capsule. | Filtration |
| Glucose in the urine also known as _______ is a well-known sign of diabetes mellitus, which is also a railure to reabsorption. | Glycosuria |
| ______ is the process by which substances move into the urine in the distal and collecting tubules. | Secretion |
| _______ _______ is released from the pituitary gland | Antidiuretic Hormone |
| _____ and ________ decreases the amount of urine. | ADH and Aldosterone |
| _________ ________ ______ or ANH increases urine volume. | Atrial Natriuretic Hormone |
| ________ is usally a large amount of urine. | Polyuria |
| Someone with ______ produces more urine that someone with anuria | Oliguria |
| _______ are tubes that carry urine out of the kidneys | Ureters |
| ________ _______ is pain caused by the passage of a kidney stone. | Renal Colic |
| ________ can be used to detect diabetes mellitis. | Urinalysis |
| _______ ______ is used to determine whether there are casts in the urine. | Microscopic Analysis |
| _______ is a tube that carries urine out of the body. | Urethra |
| The _______ _______ is 4 cm (1 1/2 inches) long in a woman, but it is about 20 cm (8 inches) long in a man. | Urethra tube |
| The two _______ muscles regulate urination. | Sphincter |
| The internal ________ _________ is involuntary and the external ________ _______ is voluntary. | Urethral Sphincter (same answer for both internal and exteral) |
| Chronic Renal Failure Stage 1 has _______ ______ | No Symptoms |
| Chronic Renal Failure Stage 2 has _______ _______ | Symptoms begins |
| Renal Calculi can cause Renal Colic and _________ | Hydronephrosis |
| Renal Calculi is an obstruction in the _______ system | Urinary |
| ________ is used to describe pathological swelling or enlargement of the renal pelvis and calyces caused by blockage of urine outflow. | Hydronephrosis |
| How can urinary retention be treated? | With a Catheter |
| ______ refers to involentary voidingor loss of urine in an older child or adult. | Incontinence |
| _______ ______ is when urine is produced but cannot be voided. | Urinary Retention |
| ______ ______ is when urine is not produced. | Urinary Suppression |
| ______ is a term that refers to an inflammation of the bladder. | Cystitis |
| _______ is a general term refering to kidney disease, especially inflammatory conditions | Nephritis |
| ________ results from damage to the glomerular-capsular membrane and can be cause by immune mechanisms, heredity, or bacterial infections. | Glomerulonephritis |
| ________ ________ is symptoms due to loss of proteins in the blood. | Nephrotic Syndrome |
| ______ _______ means that both the total volume and distribution of wter in the body remain normal and relatively constant. | Fluid Balance |
| _______ are substances such as salts that dissolve or break apart in water solution. | Electrolytes |
| Because they have the smallest amount of water in the body, ______ are at the most risk for dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. | Infants |
| What are the 3 sources of water loss in the body? (3 organs) | Kidneys, Lungs, and Skin |
| _______ _______ (______), ________, and ______ ______ ______ (______) all play a role in fluid regulation. | Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), Aldosterone, and Atrial Natriuretic Hormone(ANH) |
| _________ dissociate into ions when in water. | Electrolytes |
| ______ is a positively charged Ion, with the greatest concentration in the blood. | Sodium |
| The volume of IF soon reaches abnormal levels a condition called ______ results in tissue swelling on the lower limbs. | Edema |
| _______ ______ is used to describe depressions in swollen subcutaneous tissue that do not rapidly refill after an examiner has exerted finger pressure. | Pitting Edema |
| Loss of skin elasticity is a clinical sign of __________. (Skin remains tented when pinched) | Dehydration |
| _________ can occur when intravenous fluids are infused too rapidly. | Overhydration |
| _______ refers to a lower than normal blood potassium level | Hypokalemia |
| _______ occurs when blood sodium level is below normal (136 mEq/L) | Hyponatremia |
| ________ describes potassium levels that are above normal in the blood. (5.1 mEq/L) | Hyperkalemia |
| _________ decreases neuromuscular irritability resulting in fatigue, muscle weakness, diminished reflexes. | Hypercalcemia |
| ________ results from dietary that is lower than normal blood calcium levels | Hypocalcemia |
| A pH of __#__ is a solution that contains equal concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions. | 7.0 is NEUTRAL |
| A pH that is higher than 7.0 indicates an ________ solution. This has more OH ions than H+ or H Positive ions. | Alkaline |
| A pH lower than 7.0 indicates an _______ solution. | Acid |
| A solution with a pH of 5is considered an______ | Acid |
| Body fluid that has the highest pH is ______ ______ | Arterial Blood |
| Body fluid that has the lowers pH is _______ _____. | Gastric Juice or Stomach Acid |
| Blood in the _______ _______ has a higher pH than blood in the Superior Vena Cava. | Pulmonary Artery |
| _______ are chemical substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluid when acid or base is added to it. | Buffers |
| Blood leaving the lungs has a _____ concentration of CO2 than blood entering the lungs. | Lower |
| Metabolic ________ is a bicarbonate deficit. | Acidosis |
| Metabolic ________ is bicarbonate excessive and is caused by Cushing Syndrome | Alkalosis |
| Respiratory _______ is caused by carbonic acid access which is caused by a sustained drop in breathing rate. | Acidosis |
| Respiratory ______ is a H2CO3 (Carbonic Acid) deficit. | Alkalosis |
| A prolonged period on uncontrolled ______ diabetes, would have the same effect of a depressed breathing rate. | Diabetes |
Created by:
asanderd
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