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SRGT Ch14 Terminolog
Special Senses: Eye and Ear Ch14 Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Eye | ophthalm/o, ocul/o |
| Orbit | each eye is encased in a protective, bony socket called an orbit |
| Canthi | corners of the eye |
| Eyelids | palpebro/o, blephar/o |
| Palpebral fissure | area where upper and lower eyelids meet |
| Palpebration | blinking/closing ones eyes |
| Conjunctivae | (conjunctiv/o) membrane that lines eyelids and covers the surface of the eye |
| Meibomian | sebaceous (oil-secreting glands of the skin) of the eyelashes |
| Lacrimal | (lacrim/o) tear gland |
| lacrimation | the process of producing tears |
| lacrimal glands | dacryoaden/o |
| lacrimal sacs | dacryocyst/o |
| extraocular muscles | attach the eyeball to the orbit and move the eyes |
| outer layer | fibrous tunic |
| sclera | (scler/o) hard, white covering of the eye (white of the eye) |
| cornea | (kerat/o, corne/o) transparent portion of the sclera that covers the anterior section of the eye |
| limbus | border of the cornea, between the cornea and the sclera |
| middle layer | vascular tunic |
| uvea | (uve/o) Choroid, ciliary body, iris |
| iris | (ir/o, irid/o) smooth muscle that contracts and relaxes to moderate the amount of light that enters the eye (colored part of the eye) |
| pupil | (pupill/o, cor/o, core/o) dark area in the center of the iris |
| ciliary body | cycl/o |
| lens | phac/o, phak/o |
| aqueous and vitrous humors | (vitre/o) jellylike substance |
| inner layer | nervous tunic |
| retina | retin/o |
| rods | responsible for vision in dim light |
| cones | responsible for color vision |
| macula lutea | (macul/o) area of the retina on which the light rays focus |
| fovea | contains only cones and provides sharpest vision |
| optic disk | (papill/o) natural blind spot |
| blepharedema | swelling of the eyelid |
| blepharitis | inflammation of the eye |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of the upper eyelid |
| ectropin | turning outward of the eyelid |
| entropion | turning inward of the eyelid toward the eye |
| chalazion | hardened swelling of the meimobian gland resulting from a blockage (also known as Meibomian cyst) |
| hordeolum | stye |
| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of a lacrimal gland |
| dacryocystitis | inflammation of a lacrimal sac |
| epiphora | overflow of tears |
| xerophthalmia | dry eye |
| conjunctivitis | pink eye |
| ophthalmic neonatorum | severe, purulent conjunctivitis in the newborn, usually due to gnorrheal or chlamydial infection |
| diplopia | double vision |
| emmetropia | normal vision |
| exophthalmia | protrusion of the eyeball from its orbit |
| strabismus | general term for lack of coordination between the eyes, usually due to a muscle weakness or paralysis |
| esotropia | turning inward of one or both eyes (cross eyed) |
| exotropia | turning outward of one or both eyes |
| photophobia | extreme sensitivity to light |
| myopia | nearsightedness |
| hyperopia | farsightedness |
| astigmatism | malcurvature of the cornea leading to blurred vision |
| presbyopia | progressive loss of elasticity of the lens (usually accompanies aging) |
| corneal ulcer | trauma to the outer covering of the eye resulting in an abrasion |
| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea |
| aphakia | condition of no lens |
| cataract | progressive loss of transparency of the lens of the eye |
| glaucoma | abnormal intraoccular pressure due to obstruction of the outflow of the aqueous humor |
| achromatopsia | color blindness |
| ARMD/AMD | Age-related macular degeneration |
| VA | visual acuity (Snellen chart) |
| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of the eyelids |
| blepharorrhaphy | suture of the eyelids |
| dacryocystorhinostomy | creation of an opening between the tear sac and the nose |
| enucleation of the eye | removal of the entire eyeball |
| evisceration of the eye | removal of the contents of the eyeball, leaving the outer coat (sclera) intact |
| exenteration of the eye | removal of the entire contents of the orbit |
| cataract extraction | removal of the lens to treat cataracts |
| IOLs | (Intraocular lenses) implantable contact lens |
| Phacoemulsification and aspiration of a cataract | vision correction accomplished through the destruction and removal of the contents of the capsule by breaking it into small pieces and removing them by suction |
| scleral buckling | reattachment of the retina with a cryoprobe and the use of a silicone sponge to push the sclera in toward the retinal scar |
| vitrectomy | (vitr/o) removal of part of all of the vitreous humor |
| lubricants | medications that keep the eyes moist, mimicking natural tears |
| miotics | drugs that cause the pupils to CONSTRICT |
| mydriatics | drugs that cause the pupils to DILATE |
| ophthalmics | drugs applied directly to the eye |
| topical anesthetics | medications used to temporarily anesthetize the eye for the purpose of examination |
| ECCE | extracapsular cataract extraction |
| ICCE | intracapsular cataract extraction |
| IOL | intraocular lens |
| IOP | intraocular pressure |
| OD | RIGHT eye |
| OS | LEFT eye |
| OU | BOTH eyes |
| ear | ot/o, aur/o, auricul/o |
| pinna/auricle | flesh covered cartilage of the outer ear |
| cerumen | (cerumin/o) ear wax |
| external auditory meatus | meat/o |
| tympanic membrane | (tympan/o, myring/o) eardrum |
| ossicles/ossicular chain | (ossicul/o) -malleus -incus -stapes (staped/o) |
| eustachian tube | (salping/o) auditory tube; connection between the ears and the throat that equalizes pressure within the middle ear |
| inner ear | (labyrinth/o) |
| vestibule | (vestibul/o) utricle, saccule |
| semicircular canals | crista ampullaris |
| inner ear made up of... | -membranous and bony labyrinth -perilymph and endolymph |
| cochlea | (cochle/o) -organ of corti -vestibulocochlear nerve/eighth cranial nerve |
| otalgia/otodynia | ear ache; pain in the ear |
| otorrhea | discharge from the auditory canal |
| tinnitus | abnormal ringing, buzzing or jingling in the ear |
| vertigo | dizziness |
| impacted cerumen | blockage of the external auditory canal with earwax |
| macrotia | condition of abnormally large ears |
| microtia | condition of abnormally small auricles (ears) |
| otitis externa | inflammation of the outer ear and ear canal (swimmer's ear) |
| infectious myringitis | inflammation of the eardrum due to a bacterial or viral infection |
| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid process of the temporal bone |
| otitis media | OM -inflammation of the middle ear |
| labyrinthitis | inflammation of the inner ear |
| Meniere disease | chronic condition of the inner ear characterized by vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus |
| ruptured tympanic membrane | tear (perforation) in the eardrum due to trauma or disease |
| otoscopy | otoscope |
| typanometry | typanogram |
| UNHS | universal newborn hearing screening |
| OAEs | otoacoustic emissions |
| ABR | auditory brainstem response |
| cochlear implant | device that assists those with hearing loss by electrically stimulating the cochlea |
| mastoidectomy | removal of the mastoid process |
| otoplasty | repair and/or reconstruction of the outer ear |
| stapedectomy | removal of the third ossicle, the stapes from the middle ear |
| typanoplasty | surgical repair of the eardrum |
| typanostomy/myringostomy | surgical creation of an opening through the eardrum to promote drainage and/or allow the introduction of artificial tubes to maintain the opening (also known as myringostomy) |
| typanotomy/myringotomy | incision of the eardrum |
| ENT | ear, nose, throat |
| OM | ititis media |
| Oto | otology |
| TM | tympanic membrane (eardrum) |
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