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SRGT Ch11 Terminolog
Respiratory System Ch11 Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oxygen | ox/o, ox/i |
| Carbon dioxide | capn/o |
| olfaction | sense of smell |
| Respiration | spir/o |
| Nose | nas/o, rhin/o |
| Pharynx | pharyng/o throat |
| Larynx | laryng/o voice box |
| Trachea | trache/o wind pipe |
| Bronchial tree | bronch/o, bronchi/o |
| Lungs | pulmon/o, pneum/o, pneumon/o |
| Upper respiratory tract made up of... | Nose, pharynx and larynx |
| Lower respiratory tract made up of... | Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, capillaries of lungs |
| Cilia | nose hairs |
| Paranasal sinuses | sin/o, sinus/o -frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid cavities |
| Salping/o | Eustachian tubes - connects ears to throat (and fallopian tubes) |
| Pharyngeal tonsils/adenoids | adenoid/o protect against pathogens |
| Oropharynx | part of the throat posterior to the oral cavity |
| Palatine tonsils | tonsill/o |
| Epiglottis | epiglott/o flap of cartilage at the opening of the larynx that closes access to the trachea during swallowing |
| Mediastinum | mediastin/o space between lungs |
| Carina | trachea bifurcates (branches) |
| Bronchioles | bronchiol/o smaller branches of bronchi |
| Alveoli | alveol/o air sacs |
| Pleura | pleur/o each lung is enclosed in this double-folded serous membrane |
| Diaphragm | phren/o, diaphragm/o, diaphragmat/o |
| Intercostal muscles | cost/o muscles responsible for normal respiration |
| Aphonia | loss of ability to make sounds |
| Cheyne-Stokes respiration | deep, rapid breathing followed by a period of apnea |
| Clubbing | abnormal enlargement of the distal phalanges as a result of diminished oxygen in the blood |
| Cyanosis | lack of oxygen in blood seen as bluish or grayish discoloration of the skin, nail beds and/or lips |
| Epistaxis | nosebleed |
| Hemoptysis | coughing up blood |
| Hypercapnia | excessive carbon dioxide in the blood |
| Hyperventilation | abnormally increased breathing |
| Hypoxemia | deficient oxygen in the blood |
| Hypoxia | deficient oxygen in the tissue |
| Pleurodynia | pain in the chest caused by inflammation of the intercostal muscles |
| Pyrexia | fever |
| Rhinorrhea | runny nose |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| Sputum | mucous coughed up from the lungs and expectorated through mucous |
| Thoracodynia | chest pain |
| Dyspnea | difficult and/or painful breathing |
| Apnea | abnormal, periodic cessation of breathing |
| Bradypnea | abnormally slow breathing |
| Hyperpnea | extremely deep breathing |
| Hypopnea | extremely shallow breathing |
| Orthopnea | difficult breathing unless in an upright posiiton |
| Tachypnea | rapid, shallow breathing |
| Rales | (crackles) abnormal lung sound heard on ascultation characterized by bubbling sounds |
| Stridor | high-pitched inspiration sound from the larynx |
| Wheezing | whistling sound made during breathing |
| Coryza | common cold |
| Croup | acute viral infection of early childhood, marked by stridor caused by spasms of the larynx, trachea and bronchi |
| OSA | (obstructive sleep apnea) temporary lack of breathing that occurs during sleep |
| polyps of the nasal and vocal cord | small, tumor-like growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface |
| Tracheomalacia | softening of the tissues of the trachea |
| Tracheostenosis | narrowing of the windpipe |
| URI | (upper respiratory infection) inflammation of the upper respiratory tract |
| Asthma | respiratory disorder characterized by recurring episodes of sudden, paroxymal (sudden,episodic)dyspnea |
| Bronchospasm | a sudden involuntary contraction of the bronchi, as in an asthma attack |
| Bronchiectasis | chronic dilation of the bronchi |
| COPD | (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) respiratory disorder characterized by a progressive and irreversible diminishment in spiratory and expiratory capacity of lungs |
| Emphysema | abnormal condition of the pulmonary system characterized by distension and destructive changes of the alveoli |
| ARF | (acute respiratory failure) a sudden inability of the respiratory system to provide oxygen and/or remove carbon dioxide from the blood |
| Cystic fibrosis | inherited disorder of the exocrine glands resulting in abnormal, thick secretions of mucous that causes COPD |
| Atelectasis | collapse of lung tissue or an entire lung |
| Flail chest | a condition which multiple rib fractures cause instability in oart of the chest wall which the lung under the injured area contracts on inspiration and bulges out on expiration |
| Hemothorax *** | blood in the pleural space |
| Pneumothorax *** | air or gas in the pleural space causing the lung to collapse |
| Pyothorax *** | pus in the pleural cavity (also called empyema) |
| Pleural effusion *** | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural space |
| Pleurisy *** | inflammation of the parietal pleura of the lungs |
| Pneumonia *** | inflammation of the lungs caused by a variety of pathogens |
| Pulmonary abscess *** | localized accumulation of pus in the lungs |
| Pulmonary edema *** | accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue |
| TB *** | (tuberculosis) chronic infectious disorder caused by an acid-fast bacillus |
| Stethoscope | used to listen |
| Bronchoscopy | visual examination of teh bronchial tubes |
| Laryngoscopy | endoscopic procedure used to visualize the interior of the larynx |
| Mediastinoscopy | visual examination of the space between lungs |
| Thoracoscopy | visual examination of the chest cavity |
| PFT | pulmonary function test |
| FEV | forced expiratory volume |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| CT | computed tomography |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| Lung perfusion scan | used to detect pulmonary embolism |
| lung ventilation scan | measures the ability of the lungs to take in air |
| ABG | (arterial blood gases) blood test that measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood |
| Pulse oximetry | test to measure oxygen in arterial blood |
| Mantoux skin test | used to detect presence of tuberculosis antibodies |
| QFT | Quantiferon-TB gold test |
| PPB | positive-pressure breathing |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| Adenoidectomy | excision of the pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) |
| Laryngectomy | excision of the voice box |
| Tonsillectomy | excision of the palatine tonsils |
| Lobectomy | removal of entire LOBE of lung |
| Pneumonectomy | removal of ENTIRE lung |
| Bronchoplasty | surgical repair of a bronchial defect |
| Rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose for healthcare or cosmetic reasons |
| Septoplasty | surgical repair of the wall between the nares |
| Tracheotomy | INCISION made into the trachea below the larynx to gain access to the airway |
| Tracheostomy | OPENING through the neck into the trachea, through which an indwelling tube may be inserted temporarily or permanently |
| Eu- | good, well |
| Nares | nostrils |
| -pnea | breathing |
| -ptysis | spitting |
| -osis | abnormal condition |
| Hiccup | hiccough, singultus |
| Tympan/o | drum |
| -ectasis | dilation |
| Status asthmatics | asthma attack that becomes continuous and can be fatal |
| Avian flu | (bird) caused by type A influenza virus |
| DOE | dyspnea on exertion |
| CWP | coal workers pneumoconiosis (black lung disease) |
| Silicosis | abnormal accumulation of glass dust in the lungs |
| Asbestosis | abnormal condition of asbestos in the lungs |
Created by:
alyseg
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