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AN#CO#2011#1#Def
Commerce Topic 1 Definitions 2011
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anarchy | When there is no law/government |
| Vigilantes | People who take law into own hands |
| Law | Applies to everyone |
| Rule/regulation | Only applies to a subset of people |
| Magistrates | Decide on verdict and punishment in a local court |
| Judges | Decides on punishment in a dictrict court and above |
| Prosecutor | Proves the accused has commited a crime |
| Defense lawyers | Show the court that the accused is innocent/minimise sentence |
| Jury | 12 adults who decide on the verdict of the defendant |
| Public law | The way which society expects individuals to act |
| Private law | How individuals interact with each other |
| Government (crown) | Brings case in a criminal matter |
| Crimes against persons | Injury to another person |
| Crimes against property | Property being stolen/damaged |
| White-collar crime | Committed by professionals |
| Crimes against the state | Crimes impacting upon governments |
| Public order offences | Disrupts the activities of society |
| Traffic offenses | Crimes commited involving a vehicle |
| Constitution | Set of rules that outline how government is to be run |
| Separation of power | Executive, legislature & judiciary are all separate |
| Division of power | Different levels of legislature have different powers |
| Exclusive powers | Powers only held by the commonwealth government |
| Concurrent powers | Powers held by both the commonwealth parliament and state parliaments |
| Residual powers | Powers only held by the state parliament |
| Civil law | Offenses prosecuted by the crown |
| Criminal | Offenses prosecuted by individuals and organisations |
| Mens rea | Guilty mind |
| Actus reas | Criminal act |
| Statutory right | Provide Australian children with special rights |
| Bill | Proposed law introduced to parliament |
| Satute law | Made by both houses of parliament agreeing |
| Common law | Made by judges in courts of record |
| Courth of record | Actions are precedents for similar cases. Can occur in the supreme court, high court and federal court |
| Australian constitution | Created by British Parliament to allow constitution by Henry Parkes to become Australian constitution |
| Public morality | Values Australia holds as a whole |
| Private morality | Held by individuals |
| Ethics | Things that are right but not necessarily good |
| Amendment | Method used to change statute law |
| Referendum | Used to change constitution |
| Legal Aid | The allowance of free legal assistance to those who fulfil certain requirements |
| Mediation | A method introduced to resolve legal matters without reliance on the legal system |
| Plaintiff | Brings legal case in civil matters |
| Governor general | The Australian executive |
Created by:
PCGEEK
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