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axial skeleton
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| axial skeleton | - skull - vertebral - bony thorax |
| skull | - cranium - the facial bones |
| cranium | - enclose and protect the fragile brain tissue |
| cranial vault | superior, lateral, posterior walls of the skull, cranial floor |
| anterior cranial fossa | |
| posterior cranial fossa | |
| supraorbital foramen (notch) | opening above each orbit allowing blood vessels and nerves to pass |
| frontal bone | forehead, superior part of the orbit, floor of anterior cranial fossa |
| parietal bone | posterolateral to the frontal bone, forming sides of cranium |
| sagittal suture | midline articulation point of the two parietal bones |
| coronal suture | point of articulation of parietals with frontal bone |
| temporal bone | inferior to parietal. regions - squamous - tympanic (surrounds external ear opening) - mastoid (posterior to ear) - petrous (lateral portion of the skull base) |
| squamous suture | point of articulation of te temporal bone with the parietal bone |
| zygomatic process | bridgelike projection joining the zygomatic bone (cheekbone) anteriorly |
| mandibular fossa | rounded depression on the inferior surface of the zygomatic process (anterior to the ear), forms the socket for the mandibular condyle |
| external acoustic meatus | canal leading to eardrum and middle ear. |
| styloid process of the temporal bone | needlelike projection inferior to external acoustic meatus: attachment point for muscles and ligaments of the neck. |
| mastoid process | rough projection inferior and posterior to external acoustic meatus; attachment site for muscles. |
| stylomastoid foramen | tiny opening between the mastoid and styloid processes through which cranial nerve VII leaves the cranium |
| jugular foramen | opening medial to the styloid process through which the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X, XI pass. |
| carotid canal | opening medial to the styloid process through which the internal carotid artery passes into the cranial cavity |
| internal acoustic meatus | opening on posterior aspect (petrous region) of temporal bone allowing passage of cranial nerves VII and VIII |
| foramen lacerum | jagged opening between the petrous temporal bone and the sphenoid providing passage for a number of small nerves and for the internal carotid artery to enter the middle cranial fossa |
| occipital bone | forms floor and back wall. |
| lambdoid suture | site of articulation of occipital bone and parietal bones |
| foramen magnum | large opening in base of occipital, which allows the spinal cord to join with the brain. |
| occipital condyles | rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertebra (atlas). |
| hypoglassal canal | opening medial and superior to the occipital condyle through which the hypoglassal nerve (cranial nerve XII) passes. |
| external occipital crest and protuberance | midline prominences posterior to the foramen magnum |
| sphenoid bone | bat-shaped bone forming the anterior plateau of the middle cranial fossa across the width of the skull |
| greater wings | portion of the sphenoid seen exteriorly anterior to the temporal and forming a part of the eye orbits. |
| superior orbital fissures | jagged openings in orbits providing passage for cranial nerves III, IV, V, and VI to enter the orbit where they serve the eye. |
| sella turcica | a saddle-shaped region in the sphenoid in the sphenoid midline which nearly encloses |
Created by:
pammy7130
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