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Chapter 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Virtual Memory | used to enchance the amount of RAM in a system. |
| Pagefile.sys | hidden file stored in the root directory of drive C. windows 2000/XP/Vista swap file. |
| Ntbackup.exe | program that Windows XP/2000 offers to back up files and folders. |
| Backup and Restore Center | Windows Vista backup utility |
| full backup | (normal backup) all files selected for backup are copied to the backup media. |
| Copy backup | all files selected for backup are copied to the backup media, but files are not marked as backed up(meaning file archive attributes are not cleared) |
| Incremental backup | all files that have been created or changed since the last backup are backed up, and files are marked as backed up( meaning file archive attributes are cleared). |
| Differential backup | All files that have been created or changed since the last full or incremental backup are backed up, and files are not marked as backed up. |
| Daily backup | All files that have been created or changed on this day are backed up, files are not marked as backed up. |
| Two Best ways to schedule backups | full backups and incremental backups, or a combination of full backups and differential backups. |
| system state data | critical to a successful operating to load in windows XP/2000 |
| %SystemRoot% | the folder in which Windows 2000/XP is installed. |
| System Restore | restores the system to its condition at the time a snapshot was taken of the system settings and configuration. |
| Restore Points | Snap Shots taken of the system settings and configuration. |
| Driver rollback | performed by using Device Manager, undos a driver you have updated that has caused a problem. |
| Typical system backup | 2,500 files and 500MB of data. |
| Complete PC Backup | Windows Vista tool used to back up a entire hard drive. |
| Automated System Recovery (ASR) | Windows XP tool used to back up a entire hard drive. |
| User Profile Namespace | the group of folders and subfolders in the C:\Users folder that belong to a specific user account. |
| C:\Windows folder | Windows Vista and XP are normally installed in. |
| C:\WIndows or C:\Winnt folder | Windows 2000 is normally stored in. |
| C:\Windows\system32\config folder | The windows registry is stored in. |
| C:\Windows\system32\RegBack folder | The back up of the registry is stored in. |
| C:\Windows\Fonts folder | Fonts are stored in. |
| C:\Program Files | Program Files for 64-bit programs of versions of Vista and XP are stored in. |
| C:\Program Files (86x) folder | 32-bit programs are stored in. |
| C:\Windows\Temp folder | Temporary files used by Windows when it is installing software and performing other maintenance tasks are store in. |
| C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Mocrosoft\Windows\Temporary Internet Files | Windows Vista temporary files used by Internet Explorer are store in. |
| C:\Documents and C:\Settings\username\Loca Settings\Temporary Internet Files | Windows XP temporary files used by Internet Explorer are stored in. |
| C:\Windows\CSC folder | The client-side caching (CSC) folder used to store offline files and folders is stored in. |
| Windows Offline Files utility | the Client-side caching (CSC) folder is created and managed by this utility. |
| Ctrl+Break | a command to terminate another commands execution before it is finished. |
| Wildcard (?) | is a wildcard for one character. |
| Wildcard (*) | is a wildcard for one or more characters. |
| help followed by the command name followed by /? | use this command to get help about any command. |
| help | Lists all commands |
| help followed by the command name followed by /more | lists information one screen at a time. |
| the brackets [] | indicate the parameter is optional. |
| the parameter included in <> | indicate that you can substitute and filename in the command. |
| dir /p | lists one screen at a time. |
| dir /w | Presents information using wide format, folders are listed in columns on the screen. |
| dir*.txt | lists all files with a .txt file extension in the default path. |
| dir d:\data\*.txt | lists all files with a .txt file extension in the D:\data folder |
| dir myfile.txt | checks that a single file is present. |
| dir/s | includ subdirectory entries |
| Del or Erase command | erases files or groups of files. |
| C:\> erase e:\docs\*.* | Command that Erases all files in the E:\Docs directory. |
| E:\Docs> del *.* | Command to erase all files in the current directory. |
| E:\Docs> del*. | Command to erase all files in the current directory and that have no file extentions. |
| E:\> del myfile.txt | Command to erase the file name Myfile.txt |
| Copy command | Command copies a single file or group of files. |
| E:\> copy C:\data\Myfile.txt E:\mydata\Newfile.txt | Command to copy a file from one drive to another. |
| C:\> copy myfile.txt E: | Command to copy the file Myfile.txt from the root directory of a drive C to Drive E. |
| C:\> copy c:\docs\*.* E: | Command to copy all files in the C:\Docs directory to the USB flash drive designated drive E. |
| C:\Windows\system32\config> copy system system.bak | Command to make a backup file named System.bak of the system filein the \Windows System32\config directory of the harddrive. |
| /A switch | is used at the end of the command line when only the files that have a archive attribute are copied. |
| /V switch | is used when the size of each new file is compared to the size of the original file, slows down copying but verifies its done without errors. |
| /Y switch | is used in a conformation message that does not appear to be asking you to confirm before overwriting a file. |
| Recover command | Command used to attempt to recover a file when parts of the file are corrupted. |
| Xcopy command | command more powerful than the copy command, offers several more options. |
| Robocopy Command (Robust File Copy) | Command is new to Windows Vista and is similar to Xcopy command. Offers more options that Xcopy and is intended to replace Xcopy. |
| MD Command (make directory) | Command creates a subdirectory under a directory. |
| C:\> MD C:\game or C:\ MD game | Command to create a directory named \Game on drive C. |
| C:\> MD C:\game\chess | Command to create a directory named chess under the \game directory. |
| . entry | points to the subdirectory itself. |
| ..entry | points to the parent directory. |
| CD command (change directory) | Command changes the current default directory. |
| RD command (remove directory) | Command removes a subdirectory. |
| Chkdsk Command (check disk) | Command that fixes system file errors and recovers data from bad sectors. |
| Chkdsk used with /F parameter | Command where the Chkdsk searches for and fixes two types of file system errors made by FAT and MFT. |
| Lost clustors | are clustors that are marked as used clustors in the FAT or MFT, but the clustor does not belong to any file. |
| Cross-linked clustors | clustors that are marked in the FAT or MFT as belonging to more than one file. |
| Chkdsk used with /R parameter | command where Chkdsk check for lost clustors and cross-linked clustors and also checks for bad sectors on the drive. |
| chkdsk C:/F | command to check the hard drive for file errors and repair them. |
| chkdsk C:>Myfile.txt | command to redirect a report of the findings of the chkdsk command to a file that you can later print. |
| chkdsk C:/R | command to fix file system errors and also examine each sector of the drive for bad sectors. |
| Defrag command | command that examines a hard drive or disk for fragmented files and rewrites these files to the disk or drive in contiguous clustors. |
| Fragmented Files | Files written to a disk in noncontiguous clustors. |
| Defrag C: | Command to Defrag drive C |
| Defrag -C | Command to Defrag all volumes on the computer including drive C. |
| Edit program (Edit.com) | Command is a handy way to create and edit files. |
| Batch file | A file with a .bat extension, can use to execute a group of commands from a command prompt. |
| Format a floppy disk | Use Windows Explorer. |
| Format a hard drive | Use Disk Management. |
| diskmgmt.msc | Enter in the Start Search Box to open Disk Management in Vista. |
| Mounted Drive | a volume that can be accessed by way of a folder on another volume so that the folder has more available space. |
| Mount point | a folder that is used as a shortcut to space on another volume which effectively increases the size of the folder to the size of the other volume. |
| Dynamic disks | a way to partition one or more hard drives, in which information about the drive is stored in a database at the end of the drive. |
| Dynamic volumes | a volume type used with dynamic disks by which you can create a single volume that uses space on multiple hard drives. |
| C:\Users\Username\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\StartMenu\Programs\Startup | path to the startup folder for each user in Windows Vista. |
| C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\StartMenu\Program\Startup | path to the startup folder for all users in Windows Vista |
| Software Explorer | Windows Vista Utility used to manage startup programs. |
| Programs and Features WIndow | Windows Vista windowused to unistall software. |
| C:\Documents and Settings\username\startmenu\Programs\Startup | path to Windows XP startup folder for each user. |
| C:\Documents and settings\All Users\StartMenu\Program\Startup | path to Windows XP startup folder for all users. |
| Ntbackup.msi | program file you must execute to install the backup utility in Windows XP Home Edition. |
| Turning System protection off and back on | How you can delete all restore points |
| C:\System Volume Information | where restore points are normally kept. |
| %SystemRoot%\repair\RegBack | is where the backup of the registry is stored in windows XP when backing up the system state. |
| Vista Editions that do not include Complete PC Backup | Vista Starter and Vista Home editions. |
| Two items created in the ASR backup process | Full backup of the drive, ASR floppy disk |
| C:\Documents and Settings folder | where user settings are stored in the user account folder. |
| Cleanmgr.exe | type in the start search box to run the disk cleanup utility |