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SAD chp 4 def
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4G (fouth generation) | The latest generation of high speed wireless broadband technologies and devices |
| actor | "An external entity with a specific role. In a user-case model, actors are used to model interaction with the system" |
| agile methods | "System development methods that attempt to develop a system incrementally, buy building a sers of prototypes and constantly adjusting them to user requirements. Also called adaptive methods" |
| analytical skills | "Skills that help one recognize a problem, evaluate the key elements, and identify a useful solution." |
| brainstorming | "A fact-finding technique for gaining information, through the use of a small group discussion of a specific problem, opportunity, or issue." |
| business process model (BPM) | A graphical representation of one or more business processes |
| busness process modleing notation (BPMN) | "A standard set of shapes and symbols used to represent events, processes, and workflows in computer-based modeling tools" |
| closed-ended questions | Questions that limit or restrict the range of responses. Used in the interview process when specific information or a fact verification Is desired |
| construction phase | A phase that focuses on program and application development tasks similar to SDLC |
| cutover phase | "A phase that resembles the final tasks in SDLC implementation phase, including data conversion, testing, changeover to the new system, and user training" |
| data flow diagram (DFD) | "Diagram that shows how the system stores, processes, and transforms data into useful information" |
| document review | A review of baseline documentation. A useful fact-finding technique that helps an analyst understanjd how the current system is supposed to work |
| engaged listening | "The ability to really concentrate on what someone is saying, and avoid the temptation to hear what is expected. Also includes noticing non-verbal communication" |
| fill-in form | Form used to collect data on the Internet or company intranet. |
| functional decomposition diagram (FDD) | A top-down representation of business functions and processes. Also called a structure chart |
| Hawthorne Effect | A phenomenon where employees who know they are being observed are more productive. |
| histogram | A common tool for showing the distribution of questionnaire or sampling results. It takes the form of a vertical bar chart. |
| informal structure | "An informal structure usually is based on interpersonal relationships and can develop from previous work assignments, physical proximity, unofficial procdures, or personal relationships" |
| inputs | "Necessary data that enters a system, either manually or in an automated manner" |
| interpersonal skills | "People skills that help a system analyst work with personnel at all organizational levels, and balance sometimes conflicting user needs" |
| interview | A planned meeting during which information is obtained from another person |
| joint application development (JAD) | "A popular system development technique that uses a cross-matrixed task group of users, managers and IT professionals that work together to gather information, discuss business needs, and define the new system requirements" |
| leading questions | Questions that suggest or favor a paticular reply |
| outputs | Electronic or printed information produced by an information system |
| performance | "System characteristics such as speed, volume, capasity, availability, and reliability" |
| personal digital assistant (PDA) | Handheld computers that accept handwritten input or may have small keyboard |
| personal information manager (PIM) | A took such as Microsoft Outlook or Lotus Organizer that helps manage tasks and schedules. Many handheld devices also are available for this function |
| processes | "Procedure or task that users, managers, and T staff members perform. Also the logical rules of a system that are applied to transform data into meaningful information. In data flow diagrams, a process recives input dat and produces |
| productivity software | "Software such as word processing, spreadsheet, database management, and presentation graphics programs" |
| questionnaire | A document containing a number of standard questions that can be sent to many individuals. Also called a survey |
| random sample | "A random sample is taken in a random, unplanned manner. " |
| range-of-response questions | Closed-ended questions that ask the person to evaluate something by providing limited answers to specific responses or on a numeric scale. |
| rapid application development (RAD) | "A team-based technique that speeds up information systems development and produces a functioning information system. Similar in concept to joint application development, but goes further by including all phases of the SDLC" |
| requirements modeling | "Modeling that is used in the systems planning phase of the SDLC. |
| requirements planning phase | A phase that combines elements of the system planning and system analysis phase of the SDLC |
| research | "An important fact-finding technique. Research can include the review of journals, periodicals, and books to obtain background information, technical material, and news about industry trends and developments" |
| sampling | "As it relates to information systes, sampling is a process where an analyst collects examples of actuall documents which coulc include records, reports, or various forms." |
| scalability | A design is said to be scalable if it can excpand to meet new business requirements and volumes |
| Scrum | "A popular process with agile developers; refers to a powerful effort to achieve short-term goals, derived from rugby term. In scrum, team members play specific roles and interact in intense sessions." |
| security | "Hardware, software, and procedural controls that safeguard and protect a system and its data fro internal or external threats." |
| sequence diagram | A diagram that shows the timing of transactions between objects as the occur |
| site visit | A visit to a physical location to observe a system in use at another location. |
| smart phone | A cell phone with built-in applications and Internet access |
| stratified sample | A sample where a set metric is collected across functional areas. |
| structured brainstorming | "A group discussion whereeach participant speaks when it is his or her turn, or passes" |
| survey | A document containing a number of standard questions that can be sent to many individuals. Also called a questionnaire |
| swim lanes | "In a business process diagram, the overall diagram is called a pool, and the designated customer areas are called swim lanes" |
| system requirements | A characteristic or feature that must be included in an information system to satisfy business requirements. |
| system requirements documents | "A system requirements document, or software requirements specification, contains the requirements for the new system, describes the alternatives that were considered, and makes a specific recommendation to management. |
| system sample | A sample that occurs at a predetermined periodicity. |
| total cost of ownership (TCO) | "A number used in assessing costs, which includes ongoing support and maintenance costs, as well as acquisition costs" |
| Unifide Modeling Language (UML) | "A widely used method of visualizing and documenting software systems design. UML uses object-oriented design concepts, but it is independent of any specific programming language and can be used to describe business processes and requirements generally" |
| unstructured brainstorming | A group discussion where any participant can speak at any time |
| use case diagram | A visiual representation that represents the interaction between users and the information system in UML |
| user design phase | "In this phase, users interact with systems analysts and develop models and prototypes that represent all systems processes, outputs, and inputs." |
| Zachman Framework for Enterprise Architecture | A model that asks the traditional fact-finding questions in a systems development context. |
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