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Multistix
Reagent Pad | Principle | False + | False - | Color Change | Normal Value | Disease |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leukocyte | Granulocytic leukocyte esterase-azo coupling | Menstrual Contamination, pigments | Increased specific gravity, glucose, protein | Beige to violet | Neg | Inflammation, bacterial infection |
Nitrite | Griess test, Diazotization reaction, azo dye formation | Medications, pigments | Ascorbic acid | White to pink | Neg | UTI, pyelonephritis |
Urobilinogen | Ehrlich's reaction-azocoupling | Ehrlich reactive substances | Nitrates, formalin | Peach to pink | 0.1-1.0 Ehrlich unit/dL | Liver disease |
Protein | Protein error of indicator. Tetrabromphenol blue | X ray contrast media | protein other than albumin | Yellow to blue/green | Neg | Kidney disease |
pH | Double indicator Methyl red & bromthymol blue | Bacterial breakdown of uria | Bacterial breakdown of glucose | Orange to green to blue | 4.5-8.0 | Acidic-diabetes Alkaline-kidney |
Blood | Pseudoperoxidase activity of heme portion of Hgb | Menstrual Contamination | Ascorbic acid, high specific gravity | Yellow to dark green | Neg | Kidney disease |
Specific Gravity | PKa change of polyelectrolyte, Ions release H+ | Protein 100-500 mg/dl | High glucose, urea or pH >6.5 | Blue/green to yellow/green | 1.002-1.035 | Constant 1.010 = isosthenuria |
Ketone | Sodium nitroprusside reacts with acetoacetic acid | Drugs, pigments | Improper storage, bacterial breakdown of acetoecacetic acid | Beige to pink/purple | Neg | Diabetes |
Bilirubin | Coupling reaction w/ diazonium salt | Pigments | Ascorbic acid | Tan to Beige/pink | Neg | Liver disease |
Glucose | Double enzyme reaction (glucose oxidase) | Bleach | Ascorbic acid | Blue/green to brown | Neg | Diabetes |