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HCI Final Exam

Human Computer Interaction Final Exam

QuestionAnswer
Analytical Evaluation Users do not need to be present; knowledge of typical users' behaviors is applied. Users: not involved Location: anywhere When: prototype Data: problems Feedback: problems Type: expert reviews
Cognitive walkthroughs evaluator simulates the user's problem solving process step-by-step
Evaluation Why? to ensure users can use the product and that they like it. What? a conceptual model, early prototypes of a new system and later, more complete prototypes. Where? natural or laboratory settings When? Formative evaluation & Summative evaluation.
Formative evaluation perform during design to check that product continues to meet users' needs
Summative evaluation done to assess success of finished products
Usability Testing Measuring users' performance on typical tasks. Users: perform tasks Environment: Controlled laboratory When: protype Data: qualitative & quantitative Feedback: measures & errors Type: applied
Field Studies Done in natural environment. Data takes the form of notes & recordings. the aim is to understand what users do naturally Users: natural Location: natural When: early Data: mostly qualitative Feedback: descriptions logs Type: naturalistic
3 main evaluation approaches 1. Usability testing 2. field studies 3. Analytical evaluation
DECIDE Determine the goals. Explore the questions. Choose the evaluation approach and methods. Identify the practical issues. Decide how to deal with the ethical issues. Evaluate, analyze, interpret and present data.
Determine determine the goals
Explore explore the questions
Choose the evaluation approach and methods
Identify identify the practical issues
Decide decide on how to deal with practical issues
Evaluate evaluate, interpret, analyze and present the data.
Experiment Predict relationship between two or more variables.
independent variable manipulated by the researcher (different font types)
dependent variable depends on the independent variables (time taken to read the texts)
counterbalancing used in same participant experimental designs; ensure the order in which participants perform the task does not bias the results
different participants single group of participants allocated randomly. (advantage: no order effects; disadvantage: many subjects & individual differences a problem)
same participants all participants appear in both conditions. (advantage: few individuals, no individual differences; disadvantage: counterbalancing needed because of ordering effect)
Matched participants same as different participants, but participants are matched in pairs and allocated to a condition (advantage: same as different participant but less individual differences; disadvantage: cannot be sure of perfect matching on all differences)
3 types of experimental design Different participant. same participant. matched participant
4 key issues of data gathering setting goals, triangulation, participant relationship, pilot studies
Closed questions have a predetermined answer format: yes or no
open question do not have a predetermined format
4 main types of interview opened-ended or unstructured structured semi-structured group interview
3 types of observation direct observation in the field direct observation in controlled environments indirect observation
Colin Robson Framework a framework helps observers observe effectively
passive observer outsider (does not take part in the study environment)
participant observer insider (becomes full member of group he is studying)
Ethnography a philosophy with a set of techniques to uncover the social organization of activities.
Ethnographers immerses themselves in the culture that they stud. the observers adopt a participant observer role
questionair may be on paper, online, or email
Data gathering technique can be combined depending on study focus, participants, nature of technique and available resources.
Created by: vzeamer
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