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Patho Glossary 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The study of changes in cell/tissure structure related to disease or death. | Pathology |
| the study of how disease affects body function. | Pathophysiology |
| Having the ability to maintain homeostasis when exposed to normal conditions. | Health |
| Being unable to maintain homeostasis when exposed to normal conditions. | Disease |
| The study of the cause of disease | Etiology |
| A disease, condition, or trait that is inherited as a result of a single gene. | Genetic |
| A disease, condition or trait that is present at birth. | Congenital |
| A disease, condition or trait that develops because of being exposed to something during your life. | Acquired |
| Without a clearly identified cause. | Idiopathic |
| Evidence of disease that is objective and can be seen, measured and recorded. | Signs |
| Evidence of a disease that is subjective and cannot be seen, measured and recorded. | Symptoms |
| The events that lead to the development of a disease and the signs and symptoms that occur as the disease progresses. | Pathogenesis |
| A disease that develops and resolves quickly. | Acute |
| A disease that develops gradually and last 3 months or longer. | Chronic |
| The lessening in severity of the symptoms of a disease. | Remission |
| An increase in the severity of a disease or any of its signs or symptoms. | Exacerbation |
| A condition that is confined to one area. | Local |
| A condition that affects the entire body. | Systemic |
| A procedure that utilizes a fiber optic camera to view structures within the body. | Endoscopy |
| The ability of an object to stop or slow radiation. | Radiodensity |
| A visual recording of differences in radiodensity of anatomical structures. | X-Rays |
| X-rays that utilize a contrast media to increase the radiodensity of selected fluids within the body, producing an image of the structures containing the fluid. | Contrast X-Rays |
| A visual recording of the differences in the rate of return & intesity of soundwaves reflected of of objects within the body. | Ultrasound |
| A recording of the electrical activity of the cardiac conduction system. | Electrocardiogram |
| A recording of the electrical activity of the brain, most often the cerebral cortex. | Electroencephalogram |
| Any procedure used to measure a persons ability to move air or the capacities othe the respiratory system. Oftern referred to as PFTs (Pulmonary function tests) | Spirometry |
| The use of chemicals to kill cells within the body. Two main types of chemotherapy are used - to kill cancers cells or microorganisms | Chemotherapy |
| The use of drugs to treat disease. | Pharmacological |
| Any form of treatment that relieves signs and symptoms without curing a disease. May include the use of medication (such as a decongestant or pain reliever), therapeutic message, counseling, physical therapy... | Palliative |
| A prediction of the likely outcome or consequence of having a disease. | Prognosis |
| A consequence of a previous disease. (Example: shingles as a result of having chicken pox) | Sequela |
| A morbid process or event occurring during a disease that is not an essential part of the disease, although it may result from it. (Example: blindness is a complication often associated with diabetes). | Complications |
| A disease likely to cause death. | Terminal |
| The transfer of a harmful amount of energy. The energy may be mechanical, electrical, radiation, or thermal. | Trauma |
| Lacking in something the is essential. (Vitamin, glucose, protein, oxygen, water....) | Deficiency |
| Being exposed to a toxic level of something. | Intoxication |
| To increase in size. | Hypertrophy |
| To decrease in size. | Atrophy |
| An increase in the rate of mitosis and therefore cell number. | Hyperplasia |
| A change in cell or tissue structure. | Metaplasia |
| Irregular cell or tissue structure. Often considered a potentially cancerous change. | Dysplasia |
| Growth of cells and tissue into new areas, resulting in a tumore. May be benign or malignant. | Neoplasia |
| A protective response to injury or infections. Causes an increase in blood flow and paing in the affected region, as well as leukocytosos. | Inflammation |
| Chemicals that cause a fever. | Pyrogens |
| An increase in the number of white blood cells to more than 10,000 per cubic mm. A WBC count of 15,000-25,000 commonly occurs as a result of infection, inflammation or hemorrhage. | Leukocytosis |
| The excess fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation. Contains high levels of protein and neutrophils when compared to normal tissue fluid. | Exudate |
| A thin, clear, watery fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation. | Serous Exudate |
| A thick, creamy, white or yellow fluid that accumulates at the site of infection. Also called pus. | Purulent Exudate |
| A response to injury or infection that leads ot the production on pus. | Supperative Inflammation |
| Replacing damaged tissue through the process of mitosis, restoring the tissue to its original condition. | Regeneration |
| Replacing damaged tissue with scar tissue. | Repair |
| The binding together of two surfaces by scar tissue. | Adhesions |
| The over production of scar tissue that sometimes occurs in the dermis or subcutaneous layer and results in a mass of scar tissue that is often tender or painful. | Keloid Scarring |
| The shortening of scar tissue over time OR the shortening of muscle tissue as a result of fibrotic changes. | Contracture |
| The narrowing of any canal or opening, such as the intestine, a blood vessel, or a heart valve. | Stenosis |
| The process of hardening. Can occur as the result of scar formation or the accumulation of deposits known as plaque. | Sclerosis |
| Tissue death. | Necrosis |
| An early stage in the development of a disease or infection that is characterized by a lack of appetitie and lack of energy. The time whan a person feels they are coming down with something. | Prodromal Stage |
| A severe, systemic allergic response that is characterized by vasodilation (which causes a severe drop in blood pressure) and bronchoconstriction (resulting in severe difficulty breathing). | Anaphylaxis |
| The immune system's constant search for an antigen. | Immunosurveillance |
| The immune system's ability to recognize and not attack normally occuring tissues within the body. | Immunotolerance |
| The development of an infection from the time the infectious organism enters the body until the appearance of hte first clinical signs and symptoms. | Incubation |
| The time during an infection when clinical signs and symptoms begin to develop. | Acute stage |
| A nonmalignant neoplasm | Benign |
| A cancerouse neoplasm | Malignant |
| The development of new blood vessels, espescially capillaries. | Angiogenesis |
| Proteins produced by tumor cells that can be detected in screening tests of the person's blood. | Tumor Markers |
| A malignancy that originates in epithelial tissues. | Carcinoma |
| A malignancy that originates in connective tissue. | Sarcoma |
| A malignancy that originates in the tissue of the nervouse system. | Glioma |
| The process of developing a malignant neoplasm. | Carcinogenesis |
| Carcinogens that increase the rate of cancer cell production by activating oncogens. | Initiators (of cancer) |
| Carcinogens that decrease the body's ability to find and fight cancer cellls by damaging tumor suppressing genes. | Promotors (of cancer) |
Created by:
Baker RAD 2012
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