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Comm 151- Chapter 7
Group Dynamics and Teams
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Formal Groups | • Work groups that an organization establishes to facilitate the achievement of organizational goals |
| Informal Groups | • Are groups that emerge naturally in response to common interests of the organization’s members |
| Group Development | Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning |
| Punctuated Equilibrium | a model developed to demonstrate how groups with deadlines are affected by their first meetings and crucial midway point transitions |
| Recommendation for Phase 1 | - Prepare carefully - Stress motivation and excitement - As long as people are working, do not look for radical progress |
| Recommendation for Midpoint | - Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the ideas that people generate in phase 1 - Recognize that fundamental change in approach must be here for progress to occur |
| Recommendation for Phase 2 | - Ensure that adequate resources are available to execute phase 2 - Resist deadline changes |
| Additive Task | tasks in which group performance is dependent on the sum of the performance of individual group members (ie building a house) P increases with S increasing |
| Disjunctive Task | tasks in which group performance is dependent on the performance of the best group member (ie finding an error in a research) P increases with S increasing because it increases the probability of one member doing the right thing |
| Advantages of Group Work | Pooling Resources Sharing of expertise and experience Increased support for the decision Increased motivation with respect to the decision |
| Disadvantages of Group Work | Slow Costly Likelihood of Conflict Pressure to conform to group norms Pressure to conform to leader |
| Role Ambiguity | o Lack of clarity of job goals or methods |
| Role Conflict | o A condition of being faced with incompatible role expectations |
| Social Loafing | slacking off when working with others |
| Basking in Reflected Glory | feelings about the self are influenced by group affiliation |
| In-group favouritism | tendency to view your own group and its members positively and other groups negatively |
| Out-group homogeneity | the tendency to view members of other groups similar to one another |
| Stereotype Threat | individuals perform more poorly on a task when a relevant negative stereotype is salient |
| Halo Effect | extracting the fact that a person's one good quality is manifested to other good qualities |
Created by:
c.bertrand
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